Parental correction of children’s speech

Abstract

Introduction: The family is the first environment for children’s socialization and plays a fundamental role in language development. However, many caregivers face doubts about how to deal with children’s speech errors and which correction strategies to use, which can impact the child’s linguistic and emotional development. Objective: This study aimed to verify how family members deal with these errors and which correction practices they use. Methods: This qualitative cross-sectional study conducted semi-structured interviews with nine caregivers of children undergoing speech-language-hearing therapy at a community health center in Campinas, Brazil, focusing on their knowledge about language acquisition, these children’s speech errors, and how they deal with them. Data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: All participants were uncertain about the best way to correct children’s speech. Two main correction strategies were identified: a) direct corrections, in which the caregiver requires the child to repeat the expected form; and b) indirect corrections, when the interlocutor reformulates the child’s speech correctly, without requiring repetition. Discussion: Direct and excessive corrections can make the child insecure and silent, while indirect reformulations help them develop language naturally. Conclusions: Correction strategies should consider each child’s needs. Speech-language-hearing pathologists are responsible for guiding parents and guardians on the most appropriate and effective strategies to correct the children’s speech.