Mesopotâmia
uma antiga terra em perigo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2023v14i3p205-223Palavras-chave:
Mesopotâmia, Irrigação por gotejamento, Irrigação subterrânea, Hidropônica e RiosResumo
Há alguns milhares de anos, a antiga Mesopotâmia tornou-se a primeira civilização que criou infraestruturas de água para impulsionar os sistemas agrícolas nativos. Aquela civilização criou os primeiros sistemas de irrigação conhecidos pela humanidade. Os antigos mesopotâmios também ganharam sucesso na criação de uma agricultura bem sucedida, impulsionada pela irrigação, em condições áridas e semi-áridas. Paradoxalmente, este sucesso com sistemas de irrigação tornou-se um fator importante que desencadeou o colapso da antiga Mesopotâmia. Podemos agora inferir que os mesopotâmios não compreenderam as relações cruciais entre a água, o solo, as culturas e as boas práticas agrícolas. Esta falta de entendimento continua até aos dias de hoje. A invenção dos sistemas de irrigação gota a gota permitiu que os humanos modernos reivindicassem alguma medida de sucesso sustentável em técnicas agrícolas praticadas em zonas desertas, zonas áridas, etc. Estas técnicas permitem aos agro-cultivares modernos alcançar um bom equilíbrio entre solo, culturas e água. Os sistemas de irrigação gota a gota também promovem outras formas de inovação moderna, tais como métodos e práticas agrícolas sem solo.
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