Unveiling the effects of exercise and protein diet on pancreatic structure  in ovariectomized aged rats

Kemily Loren Barros Chucata; Walkyria Villegas Magalhães; Jessica Pedroso de  Sousa; Gabriela Bexiga Veloso; Clever Gomes Cardoso; Mara Rubia Marques; Ricardo Aparecido Baptista Nucci; Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca; Laura Beatriz Mesiano Maifrino

doi:10.23925/1984-1840.2024v26a28

Autores

Kemily Loren Barros Chucata Laboratório de Estudos Morfológicos e Imunohistoquímicos. Universidade São Judas Tadeu
Walkyria Villegas Magalhães Laboratório de Estudos Morfológicos e Imunohistoquímicos. Universidade São Judas Tadeu
Jessica Pedroso de Sousa Laboratório de Estudos Morfológicos e Imunohistoquímicos. Universidade São Judas Tadeu
Gabriela Bexiga Veloso Laboratório de Estudos Morfológicos e Imunohistoquímicos. Universidade São Judas Tadeu
Clever Gomes Cardoso Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)
Mara Rubia Marques Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)
Ricardo Aparecido Baptista Nucci Laboratório de Neurociências. Hospital Sírio-Libanês
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC)
Laura Beatriz Mesiano Maifrino Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23925/1984-1840.2024v26a28

Palavras-chave:

Menopausa, Pâncreas, Treinamento Resistido, Dieta Rica em Proteínas, Ovariectomia, Ratos

Resumo

Objetivo: avaliar alterações estruturais no pâncreas de ratas idosas submetidas à ovariectomia que ingeriram diferentes fontes de proteína animal ou vegetal e foram submetidas a exercícios moderados de resistência. Métodos: ratas Wistar fêmeas foram divididas em oito grupos experimentais: animais sedentários e não ovariectomizados com dieta de proteína vegetal (CVS) ou animal (CAS); ratas treinadas e não ovariectomizadas com dieta de proteína vegetal (CVT) ou animal (CAT); grupos sedentários e ovariectomizados com dieta de proteína vegetal (VOS) ou animal (AOS); ratas treinadas e ovariectomizadas com dieta de proteína vegetal (VOT) ou animal (AOT). Resultados: nossos resultados mostraram uma diminuição na área de ilhotas pancreáticas em grupos sedentários submetidos à ovariectomia. Por outro lado, observamos um aumento na frequência de ilhotas pancreáticas menores e médias nas dietas vegetal e animal, respectivamente. Além disso, houve diferença significativa na densidade volumétrica de ácinos, ductos, vasos sanguíneos e ilhotas pancreáticas em todos os grupos. Finalmente, a imunohistoquímica demonstrou uma redução de glucagon em grupos sedentários ovariectomizados e uma diminuição de insulina em grupos ovariectomizados submetidos ao treinamento resistido. Conclusão: tanto o treinamento resistido quanto a ingestão dietética contribuíram para modificações no pâncreas em grupos privados de estrogênio. Portanto, mais estudos são necessários em relação às propriedades estruturais e funcionais envolvendo ambas as intervenções e a menopausa para uma melhor compreensão de nossos resultados.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Metrics

Carregando Métricas ...

Referências

Monteleone P, Mascagni G, Giannini A, Genazzani AR, Simoncini T. Symptoms of menopause - global prevalence, physiology and implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(4):199-215. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.180.

Stevenson JC, Crook D, Godsland IF. Influence of age and menopause on serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy women. Atherosclerosis. 1993;98(1):83-90. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(93)90225-j.

Mortensen MB, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated LDL cholesterol and increased risk of myocardial infarction and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in individuals aged 70-100 years: a contemporary primary prevention cohort. Lancet. 2020;396(10263):1644-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32233-9.

Newson L. Menopause and cardiovascular disease. Post Reprod Health. 2018;24(1):44-9. doi: 10.1177/2053369117749675.

Anagnostis P, Stevenson JC, Crook D, Johnston DG, Godsland IF. Effects of menopause, gender and age on lipids and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions. Maturitas. 2015;81(1):62-8. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.02.262.

Ciumărnean L, Milaciu MV, Negrean V, Orășan OH, Vesa SC, Sălăgean O, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and physical activity for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;19(1):207. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010207.

Savage DB, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Disordered lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Physiol Rev. 2007;87(2):507-20. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00024.2006.

Jiménez-Maldonado A, Álvarez-Buylla ER, Montero S, Melnikov V, Castro-Rodríguez E, Gamboa-Domínguez A, et al. Chronic exercise increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, pancreatic islet size, and insulin tolerance in a TrkB-dependent manner. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e115177. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115177. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0119047. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119047.

Mauvais-Jarvis F, Clegg DJ, Hevener AL. The role of estrogens in control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. Endocr Rev. 2013;34(3):309-38. doi: 10.1210/er.2012-1055.

Hu FB. Plant-based foods and prevention of cardiovascular disease: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78(3 Suppl):544S-51. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.544S.

Leitzmann C. Vegetarian diets: what are the advantages? Forum Nutr. 2005;(57):147-56. doi: 10.1159/000083787.

Braggion GF, Ornelas E, Carmona JCS, Lima NEA, Aquino RC, Fonseca FLA, et al. Morphological and biochemical effects on the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized old female rats submitted to the intake of diets with vegetable or animal protein and resistance training. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:9251064. doi: 10.1155/2016/9251064.

Petersen KS, Flock MR, Richter CK, Mukherjea R, Slavin JL, Kris-Etherton PM. Healthy dietary patterns for preventing cardiometabolic disease: the role of plant-based foods and animal products. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017;1(12):cdn.117.001289. doi: 10.3945/cdn.117.001289.

Ashton EL, Dalais FS, Ball MJ. Effect of meat replacement by tofu on CHD risk factors including copper induced LDL oxidation. J Am Coll Nutr. 2000;19(6):761-7. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2000.10718067.

Bujnowski D, Xun P, Daviglus ML, Van Horn L, He K, Stamler J. Longitudinal association between animal and vegetable protein intake and obesity among men in the United States: the Chicago Western Electric Study. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111(8):1150-5.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.05.002.

Kelemen LE, Kushi LH, Jacobs DR Jr, Cerhan JR. Associations of dietary protein with disease and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;161(3):239-49. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwi038. PMID: 15671256.

Lin Y, Bolca S, Vandevijvere S, De Vriese S, Mouratidou T, De Neve M, et al. Plant and animal protein intake and its association with overweight and obesity among the Belgian population. Br J Nutr. 2011;105(7):1106-16. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004642.

Nucci RAB, Teodoro ACS, Krause Neto W, Silva WA, Souza RR, Anaruma CA, Gama EF. Effects of resistance training on liver structure and function of aged rats. Aging Male. 2018;21(1):60-4. doi: 10.1080/13685538.2017.1350157.

Saco-Ledo G, Valenzuela PL, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Ruilope LM, Lucia A. Exercise reduces ambulatory blood pressure in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(24):e018487. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.018487.

Marchon C, Ornelas EM, Viegas KAS, Lacchini S, Souza RR, Fonseca FL, Maifrino LB. Effects of moderate exercise on the biochemical, physiological, morphological and functional parameters of the aorta in the presence of estrogen deprivation and dyslipidemia: an experimental model. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;35(1):397-405. doi: 10.1159/000369705.

Morvan E, Lima NE, Machi JF, Mostarda C, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC, et al. Metabolic, hemodynamic and structural adjustments to low intensity exercise training in a metabolic syndrome model. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013;12:89. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-89.

Amaral F, Lima NE, Ornelas E, Simardi L, Fonseca FL, Maifrino LB. Effect of different exercise intensities on the pancreas of animals with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2015;8:115-20. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S74436.

Roussel M, Garnier S, Lemoine S, Gaubert I, Charbonnier L, Auneau G, et al. Influence of a walking program on the metabolic risk profile of obese postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2009;16(3):566-75. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31818d4137.

Lambrinou E, Hansen TB, Beulens JW. Lifestyle factors, self-management and patient empowerment in diabetes care. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019;26(2_suppl):55-63. doi: 10.1177/2047487319885455.

Tiano JP, Delghingaro-Augusto V, Le May C, Liu S, Kaw MK, Khuder SS, et al. Estrogen receptor activation reduces lipid synthesis in pancreatic islets and prevents β cell failure in rodent models of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Invest. 2011;121(8):3331-42. doi: 10.1172/JCI44564.

Shah K, Stufflebam A, Hilton TN, Sinacore DR, Klein S, Villareal DT. Diet and exercise interventions reduce intrahepatic fat content and improve insulin sensitivity in obese older adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17(12):2162-8. doi: 10.1038/oby.2009.126.

Malin SK, Kirwan JP. Fasting hyperglycaemia blunts the reversal of impaired glucose tolerance after exercise training in obese older adults. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012;14(9):835-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01608.x.

Dunstan DW, Daly RM, Owen N, Jolley D, De Courten M, Shaw J, et al. High-intensity resistance training improves glycemic control in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25(10):1729-36. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.10.1729.

Chalé A, Cloutier GJ, Hau C, Phillips EM, Dallal GE, Fielding RA. Efficacy of whey protein supplementation on resistance exercise-induced changes in lean mass, muscle strength, and physical function in mobility-limited older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(6):682-90. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gls221.

Gonzalo-Encabo P, McNeil J, Boyne DJ, Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM. Dose-response effects of exercise on bone mineral density and content in post-menopausal women. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(8):1121-9. doi: 10.1111/sms.13443.

Gould LM, Gordon AN, Cabre HE, Hoyle AT, Ryan ED, Hackney AC, et al. Metabolic effects of menopause: a cross-sectional characterization of body composition and exercise metabolism. Menopause. 2022;29(4):377-89. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001932.

Hulteen RM, Marlatt KL, Allerton TD, Lovre D. Detrimental changes in health during menopause: the role of physical activity. Int J Sports Med. 2023;44(6):389-96. doi: 10.1055/a-2003-9406.

Hayek A, Woodside W. Correlation between morphology and function in isolated islets of the Zucker rat. Diabetes. 1979;28(6):565-9. doi: 10.2337/diab.28.6.565.

Kaihoh T, Masuda T, Sasano N, Takahashi T. The size and number of Langerhans islets correlated with their endocrine function: a morphometry on immunostained serial sections of adult human pancreases. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1986;149(1):1-10. doi: 10.1620/tjem.149.1.

Hirsch IB, Marker JC, Smith LJ, Spina RJ, Parvin CA, Holloszy JO, et al. Insulin and glucagon in prevention of hypoglycemia during exercise in humans. Am J Physiol. 1991;260(5 Pt 1):E695-704. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1991.260.5.E695.

Marliss EB, Vranic M. Intense exercise has unique effects on both insulin release and its roles in glucoregulation: implications for diabetes. Diabetes. 2002;51 Suppl 1:S271-83. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.s271.