Cognitive and auditory aspects
the effect of aging on the decline of speech recognition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-2724.2021v33i4p695-704Keywords:
auditory perception, Speech Perception, Noise, Aging, HearingAbstract
Introduction: Difficulties in communicative performance and speech recognition in noise are associated with aging. The decline in speech recognition with competitive noise is due to a combination of auditory and non-auditory factors that worsens over time and with aging. Objective: To identify the cognitive and auditory aspects that contribute to the decline of speech recognition in noise in the elderly. Method: This is a prospective, analytical, observational and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of two groups: one of adults and one of elderly, selected according to the following inclusion criteria: normal listeners; between 18 and 70 years old, of both sexes. The cognitive aspects were analyzed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and, in the auditory processes, pure-tone audiometry threshold tests, psychophysical speech recognition in difficult listening and temporal resolution were applied. Results: When compared by age group, psychoacoustic tests showed significant differences in conditions: 1) SSI / RE - SNR 0 (p = 0.001), 2) SSI / RE - SNR -15 (p = 0.000), 3) HINT / LE SNR -10 (p = 0.03), 5) HINT / LE SNR -15 (p = 0.02) when the Mann Whitney U test was applied. GIN and DDT tests did not show significant differences. When the psychoacoustic tests were compared regardless of the age group, the subjects with normal and changed MoCA did not present significant differences (p = 0.280). Conclusion: From the studied sample, cognitive aspects did not contribute to the performance of speech perception with competitive stimuli when comparing the adults and the elderly. On the other hand, the assessed auditory aspects showed that the elderly have greater difficulties in understanding speech in noise when compared to younger individuals.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Lays Bezerra Madeiro, Kelly Cristina Lira de Andrade, Luana de Almeida Paiva Marinho, Pedro de Lemos Menezes, Maria de Fátima Ferreira de Oliveira, Ilka do Amaral Soares, Aline Tenório Lins Carnaúba
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