A bibliographic review of the mainly dementias which take on brazilian population

Abstract

Dementia can be defined as a syndrome characterized by progressive and general decline of the memory and other cognitive functions. This work is a literature review which aims to: identify and present the scientific output related to the topic. The survey was the basis of bibliographic data of the Virtual Library of Health - BIREME. The types of dementia are Alzheimer's dementia, dementia of Lewy bodies by (DCL), Frontotemporal dementia (DFT) and Vascular Dementia. In the dementia risk factors vary depending on the genetic and environmental stressors, in addition to age and medical history, as each individual. The main changes are brain: senile plaques and tangles neurofibrilares with compromised colinérgica neurotransmission and brain atrophy extensive. Pathologies are in the majority of top insidious and gradual deterioration. The first sign and symptom is the loss of memory, followed by cognitive decline and functional. It can be divided into stages as involvement. The diagnosis is made through medical history, laboratory tests and neuroimaging, clinical neurological examination and neuropsychological testing. It follows that yest there has not had the cure of dementia and that the studies of stem cells-can contribute to this.