Factores de riesgo de caídas en ancianos y su asociación con la adherenci a un programa de prevención
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-901X.2021v24i3p95-114Palabras clave:
Gerontología, Accidentes por caídas, Cooperación y adherencia al tratamiento, Promoción de la saludResumen
El estudio probó un modelo de asociaciones entre los factores de riesgo objetivos de caídas, la sensación de eficacia en relación con las caídas y los indicadores de adherencia de los ancianos a un programa de prevención. Con base en datos de 206 ancianos (86,9% mujeres), las pruebas estadísticas a través de Path Analysis identificaron asociaciones negativas entre la edad, los cambios en los indicadores físicos y funcionales y las caídas en el último año con el sentido de eficacia. Solo la ocurrencia de caídas en el último año se asoció negativamente con la adherencia al programa.
Citas
Alley, D. E., Shardell, M. D., Peters, K. W., Mclean, R. R., Dam, T-T. L., Kenny, A. M., Fragala, M. S., Harris, T. B., Kiel, D. P., Guralnik, J. M., Ferrucci, L., Kritchevsky, S. B., Studenski, S. A., Vassileva, M. T., & Cawthon, P. M. (2014). Grip Strength Cutpoints for the Identification of Clinically Relevant Weakness. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 69(5), 559-566. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu011.
Almegbel, F. Y., Alotaibi, I. M., Alhusain, F. A., Masuadi, E. M., Sulami, S. L. A., Aloushan, A. F., & Almuqbil, B. I. (2018). Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 8(1), e019063. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/1/e019063.
Almeida, A. V., Mafra, S. C. T., Silva, E. P., & Kanso, S. (2015). A Feminização da Velhice: em foco as características socioeconômicas, pessoais e familiares das idosas e o risco social. Textos & Contextos 14(1), 115-131. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=321540660010.
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-Efficay Mechanism in Human Agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147, United States. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122.
Bekibele, C. O., & Gureje, O. (2010). Fall Incidence in a Population of Elderly Persons in Nigeria. Gerontology, 56, 278-283. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1159/000236327.
Berg, K. O., Wood-Dauphine, S., Williams, J. I., & Gayton, D. (1989). Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiotherapy Canada, 41(6), 304-311. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.41.6.304.
Berg, K. O., Wood-Dauphine, S., Williams, J. I., & Maki, B. (1992). Measuring balance in the elderly: Validation of an Instrument. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 83(2), S7-S11. Rehabilitation Outcome Measures Conference. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1468055/.
Bohannon, R. W. (2008). Hand-Grip Dynamometry Predicts Future Outcomes in Aging Adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 31(1), 3-10. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1519/00139143-200831010-00002.
Bouccara, D., Rubin, F., Bonfils, P., & Lisan, Q. (2018). Vertiges et troubles de l’équilibre: démarche diagnostique. La Revue de Médecine Interne, 39(11), 869-874. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.02.004.
Boyd, R., & Stevens, J. A. (2009). Falls and fear of falling: burden, beliefs and behaviours. Age and Ageing, 38(4), 423-428. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afp053.
Bunn, F., Dickinson, A., Barnett-Page, E., Mcinnes, E., & Horton, K. (2008). A systematic review of older people's perceptions of facilitators and barriers to participation in falls-prevention interventions. Ageing and Society, 28(4), 449-472. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: doi:10.1017/S0144686X07006861.
Burton, E., Lewin, G., O’Connell, H., & Hill, K. D. (2018). Falls prevention in community care: 10 years on. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 13, 261–269. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S153687.
Camargos, F. F., Dias, R. C., Dias, J. M. D., & Freire, M. T. F. (2010). Adaptação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da Falls Efficacy Scale-International em idosos brasileiros (FES-I-BRASIL). Revista brasileira de fisioterapia, 14(3), 237-243. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=2350/235016575009.
Cavill, N., & Foster, C. (2018). Enablers and barriers to older people’s participation in strength and balance activities: a review of reviews. Journal of Frailty, Sarcopenia and Falls, 3(2), 105-113. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.22540/JFSF-03-105.
Cesari, M., Kritchevsky, S. B., Penninx, B. W., Nicklas, B. J., Simonsick, E. M., Newman, A. B., Tylavsky, F. A., Brach, J. S., Satterfield, S., Bauer, D. C., Visser, M., Rubin, S. M., Harris, T. B., & Pahor, M. (2005). Prognostic Value of Usual Gait Speed in Well-Functioning Older People - Results from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(10), 1675-1680. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020 de: DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53501.x.
Chang, V. C., & Do, M. T. (2015). Risk Factors for Falls Among Seniors: Implications of Gender. American journal of epidemiology, 181(7), 521-531. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu268.
Child, S., Goodwin, V., Garside, R., Jones-Hughes, T., Boddy, K., & Stein, K. (2012). Factors influencing the implementation of fall-prevention programmes: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies. Implementation Science, 7(91). Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1186/1748-5908-7-91.
Cruz, D. T., Ribeiro, L. C., Vieira, M. T., Teixeira, M. T. B., Bastos, R. R., & Leite, I. C. G. (2012). Prevalência de quedas e fatores associados em idosos. Revista de saúde pública, 46(1),138-46. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102011005000087.
Culos-Reed, S. N., Rejeski, W. J., MCauley, E., Ockene, J. K., & Roter, D. L. (2000). Predictors of Adherence to Behavior Change Interventions in the Elderly. Controlled clinical trials, 21(5), 200S-5S. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0197-2456(00)00079-9.
Cunha, A. A., & Lourenço, R. A. (2014). Quedas em idosos: prevalência e fatores associados. Revista HUPE, 13(2), 21-29. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.12957/rhupe.2014.10128.
Delbaere, K. Close, J. C. T., Mikolaizak, A. S., Sachdev, P. S., Brodaty, H., & Lord, S. R. (2010). The Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). A comprehensive longitudinal validation study. Age and Ageing, 39, 210-216. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: doi:10.1093/ageing/afp225.
Dimatteo, M. R., Haskard-Zolnierek, K. B., & Martin, L. R. (2012). Improving patient adherence: a three-factor model to guide practice. Health Psychology Review, 6(1), 74-91. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI:10.1080/17437199.2010.537592.
Eibling, D. (2018). Balance Disorders in Older Adults. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 34(2), 175-181. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2018.01.002.
El-Khoury, F., Cassou, B., Charles, M-A., & Dargent-Molina, P. (2013). The effect of fall prevention exercise programmes on fall induced injuries in community dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 347, f6234. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f6234.
Farrance, C., Tsofliou, F., & Clark, C. (2016). Adherence to community based group exercise interventions for older people: A mixed-methods systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 87, 155–166. Recuperado em 01 dezembro. 2020, de: DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.037.
Franse, C. B., Rietjens, J. A. C., Burdorf, A., Van Grieken, A., Korfage, I., Van Der Heide, A., Raso, F. M., Van Beeck, E., Raat, H. et al. (2017). A prospective study on the variation in falling and fall risk among community dwelling older citizens in 12 European countries. BMJ Open, 7(6). Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015827.
Frieson, C. W. (2016). Factors Influencing Older Persons’ Participation in Community Fall Prevention Program. Gerontology & Geriatrics: Research, 2(4), 2 pages. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://austinpublishinggroup.com/gerontology/fulltext/ggr-v2-id1019.php.
Goodwin, V. A., Abbott, R. A., Whear, R., Bethel, A., Ukoumunne, O. C., Thompson-Coon, J., & Stein, K. (2014). Multiple component interventions for preventing falls and fall-related injuries among older people: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 14. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-14-15.
Gillespie, L. D., Robertson, M. C., Gillepsie, W. J., Sherrington, C., Gates, S., Clemson, L., & Lamb, S. E. (2012). Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 9, Art nº. CD007146, 2012. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub3.
Guirguis-Blake, J. M., Michael, Y. L., Perdue, L. A., Coppola, E. L., Beil, T. L., & Thompson, J. H. (2018). Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Evidence Synthesis No. 159. AHRQ Publication n.o 17-05232-EF-1. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: PMID: 30234932.
Guralnik, J. M., Ferrucci, L., Simonsick, E., Salive, M. E., & Wallace, R. B. (1995). Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability. The New England Journal of Medicine, 332(9), 556-561. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199503023320902.
Guralnik, J. M., Ferruci, L., Pieper, C. F., Leveille, S. G., Markides, K. S., Ostir, G. V., Studenski, S., Berkman, L. F., & Wallace, R. B. (2000). Lower extremity function and subsequent disability: consistency across studies, predictive models, and value of gait speed alone compared with the short physical performance battery. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 55(4), M221-M231. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/55.4.m221.
Kyrdalen, I. L., Thingstad, P., Sandvik, L, & Ormstad, H. (2019). Associations between gait speed andwell‐known fall risk factors among community‐dwelling older adults. Physiotherapy research international: the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy, 24(1), e1743. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1002/pri.1743.
Lamb, S. E., Becker, C., Gillespie, L. D., Smith, J. L., Finnegan, S., Potter, R., & Pfeiffer, K. Taxonomy Investigators. (2011). Reporting of complex interventions in clinical trials: development of a taxonomy to classify and describe fall-prevention interventions. Trials, 12(125). Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-12-125.
Lavedán, A., Viladrosa, M., Jürschik, P., Botigué, T., Nuín, C., Masot, O., & Lavedán, R. (2018). Fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults: A cause of falls, a consequence, or both? PLoS ONE, 13(5), e0197792. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197792.
Li, F., MCauley, E., Fisher, K. J., Harmer, P., Chaumeton, N., & Wilson, N. L. (2002). Self-efficacy as a mediator between fear of falling and functional ability in the elderly. Journal of Aging and Health, 14(4), 452-466. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/089826402237178.
Lin, H. W., & Bhattacharyya, N. (2012). Balance disorders in the elderly: Epidemiology and functional impact. Laryngoscope, 122(8), 1858-1861. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.23376.
Marôco, J. (2014). Análise de Equações Estruturais: Fundamentos Teóricos, Software & Aplicações. (2ª ed.). Portugal: Report Number.
Martos-Méndez, M. J. (2015). Self-efficacy and adherence to treatment: the mediating effects of social support. Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues, 7(2), 19-29. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: 10.5460/jbhsi.v7.2.52889.
MCPhate, L., Simek, E. M., & Haines, T. P. (2013). Program-related factors are associated with adherence to group exercise interventions for the prevention of falls: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 59, 81-92. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70160-7.
Merom, D., Pye, V., Macniven, R., Van Der Ploeg, H., Milat, A., Sherrington, C., Lord, S., & Bauman, A. (2012). Prevalence and correlates of participation in fall prevention exercise/physical activity by older adults. Preventive Medicine, 55, 613-617. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.10.001.
Middleton, A., Fritz, S. L., & Lusardi, M. (2015). Walking Speed: The Functional Vital Sign. Journal of aging and physical activity, 23(2), 314-322. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2013-0236.
Mielenz, T. J., Durbin, L. L., Hertzberg, F., Nobile-Hernandez, D., & Jia, H. (2017). Predictors of and health- and fall-related program outcomes resulting from complete and adequate doses of a fall risk reduction program. Translational behavioral medicine, 7(2), 330-340. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-016-0444-2.
Miyamoto, S. T., Lombardi Junior, I., Berg, K. O., Ramos, L.R., & Natour, J. (2004). Brazilian version of the Berg balance scale. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Researches, 37(9), 1411-1421. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x2004000900017.
Moreira, N. B., Rosacki, A., Pereira, G., & Bento, P. (2018). Does functional capacity, fall risk awareness and physical activity level predict falls in older adults in different age groups? Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 77, 57-63. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2018.04.002.
Nascimento, C. F., Duarte, Y. A. O., Lebrão, M. L., & Chiavegatto Filho, A. D. (2017). Individual and contextual characteristics of indoor and outdoor falls in older residents of São Paulo, Brazil. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 68, 119-125. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2016.10.004.
Nyman, S. R., & Victor, C. R. (2012). Older people’s participation in and engagement with falls prevention interventions in community settings: an augment to the cochrane systematic review. Age and Ageing, 41 (1), 16-23. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afr103.
Nyman, S. R., & Victor, C. R. (2014). Older people’s participation and engagement in falls prevention interventions: Comparing rates and settings. European Geriatric Medicine, 5(1), 18-20. Recuperado em 01 de dezembro de 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2013.09.008.
Orces, C. H. (2013). Prevalence and Determinants of Falls among Older Adults in Ecuador: An Analysis of the SABE I Survey. Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research, 2013, 495468. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/495468.
Osho, O., Owoeye, O., & Armijo-Olivo, S. (2017). Adherence and Attrition in Fall Prevention Exercise Programs for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of aging and physical activity, 26(2), 304-326. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2016-0326.
Park, J., Cho, K., & Lee, W. (2012). Effect of Jumping Exercise on Muscle Strength and Balance of Elderly People: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal Physical Therapy Science, 24(12), 1345-1348. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.24.1345.
Pauelsen, M., Vikman, I., Strandkvist, V., Larsson, A., & Röijezon, U. (2018). Decline in sensorimotor systems explains reduced falls self-efficacy. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 42, 104-110. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.07.001.
Peel, N. M. (2011). Epidemiology of Falls in Older Age. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, 30, 7-19. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1017/S071498081000070X.
Picorelli, A. M. A., Pereira, D. S., Felicio, D. C., Gomes, D. A., Dias, R. C., & Pereira, L. S. M. (2015). Adhesion of older women to a home exercise program post ambulatory training. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, 22(3), 291-308. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.590/1809-2950/13997522032015.
Rosso, A. L., Sanders, J. L., Arnold, A. M., Boudreau, R. M., Hirsch, C. H., Carlson, M. C., Rosano, C., Kritchevsky, S. B., & Newman, A. B. (2015). Multisystem Physiologic Impairments and Changes in Gait Speed of Older Adults, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 70(3), 319-324. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu176.
Sherrington, C., Fairhall, N.J., Wallbank, G.K., Tiedemann, A., Michaleff, Z.A., Howard, K. Clemson, L, Hopewell, S., & Lamb, S. E. (2019). Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1(1), CD012424. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2.
Stenhagen, M., Ekström, H., Nordell, E., & Elmstahl, S. (2014). Accidental falls, health-related quality of life and life satisfaction: A prospective study of the general elderly population. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 58(1), 95-100. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.07.006.
Stevens, J. A., Noonan, R. K., & Rubenstein, L. Z. (2010). Older Adult Fall Prevention: Perceptions, Beliefs, and Behaviors. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 4(1), 16-20. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827609348350.
Stubbs, B., Brefka, S., & Denkinger, M. D. (2015). What Works to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults? Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. Physical Therapy, 95(8), 1095-110. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140461.
Vieira, L. S., Gomes, A. P., Bierhals, I. O., Farías-Antúnez, S., Ribeiro, C. G., Miranda, V., Lutz, B.H., Barbosa-Silva, T. G., Lima, N. P., Bertoldi, A. D., & Tomasi, E. (2018). Falls among older adults in the South of Brazil: prevalence and determinants. Revista de Saúde Pública, 52(22). Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000103.
Yardley, L., Beyer, N., Hauer, K., Kempen, G., Piot-Ziegler, C., & Todd, C. (2005). Development and initial validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Age and Ageing, 34(6), 614-619. Recuperado em 01 dezembro, 2020, de: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afi196.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Kairós-Gerontologia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Kairós Gerontologia es detentora de los derechos autorales de todos los artículos publicados por ella. La reproducción total de los artículos de ésta revista en otras publicaciones, o para cualquier otro fin, por cualquier medio requiere autorización por escrito del editor de este periódico. Reproducciones parciales de artículos (resúmenes, abstrac, más de 500 palabras de texto, tablas, figuras y otras ilustraciones) deberán tener permiso por escrito del editor y de los autores.