Evaluación del equilibrio postural en mujeres mayores con baja densidad mineral ósea: caída y no caída
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-901X.2021v24i1p381-395Palabras clave:
Anciano, Osteoporosis, Caídas, Equilibrio postural.Resumen
El envejecimiento está asociado con la disminución de funciones fisiológicas. En este proceso, el esqueleto humano se ve especialmente afectado por el tiempo: la pérdida ósea comienza ya en la tercera década de la vida. El desempeño en las pruebas de equilibrio postural se evaluó en mujeres ancianas que presentaban caída y no caída con baja densidad mineral ósea y, en segundo lugar, las que tenían miedo a caer tuvieron menor desempeño en las pruebas de equilibrio. Se evaluaron 62 mujeres de edad avanzada ≥ 60 años, divididas en dos grupos: caídas y no caídas. Los voluntarios fueron evaluados mediante dos pruebas de equilibrio postural: la miniBESTest (prueba con 14 tareas que evalúa el equilibrio según las respuestas posturales a las perturbaciones externas y la verticalidad); y la plataforma de fuerza NeuroCom Balance Master, en los protocolos de las Pruebas Subida y Bajada de Pasos y Sit and Stand. No hubo diferencias en las pruebas miniBESTest o NeuroCom Balance Master entre los grupos. Además, no hubo diferencias entre mujeres mayores con y sin miedo a caídas, en las mismas variables estudiadas. Las personas mayores, independientemente de ser caídas, no difirieron en la realización de las pruebas de equilibrio postural, ni en la presencia o ausencia de miedo a caer.
Palabras clave: Anciano; Osteoporosis; Caídas; Equilibrio postural.
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