Clinical characterization and associated factors with acute exacerbation of heart failure in hospitalized adult patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/1984-4840.2026v28a6Keywords:
Heart Failure, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Emergency Hospital ServiceAbstract
Introduction: Acute heart failure (AHF) is the acute failure of myocardial compensatory mechanisms, compromising the supply of the body's metabolic demands. Objective: To evaluate the profile of patients and the factors associated with acute exacerbation of heart failure in patients hospitalized in a regional hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted in a hospital located in the Southwest region of Bahia, which included patients discharged due to acute respiratory infections (ARI), according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), admitted to the emergency room and aged 18 years or older. Patients with a length of stay of less than 24 hours and/or with a medical record showing only ARI without the proper ICD-10 coding were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. Results: The findings showed a predominance of elderly patients (65.5%), male (69.7%), hypertensive, and with signs and symptoms of congestion, with infection being the main cause of disease decompensation. Additionally, bivariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between the presence of nephropathy, the use of antibiotic therapy, the occurrence of death, and the need for ventilatory support with the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) in-hospital mortality scale. Conclusion: This study contributed to the understanding of the profile of patients with acute heart failure, supporting the redesign of care and the development of strategies for disease control and management.
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