Language development in Down syndrome: literature analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Down syndrome is a genetic condition resulting from the presence of an extra chromosome 21, which can generate several health problems during the development of the subject. One of these changes is the delay in language development and cognition in the child, who presents a greater deficit in expressive language than in comprehension. Therefore, early speech therapy is essential for the promotion of a better communication ability of the subject with the syndrome. Objective: This study aims to analyze the national scientific production about the development of language and communication in Down syndrome and early interventions in this population. Method: A search of databases of articles, theses, and dissertations was conducted using the “language”, “Down syndrome”, and “language development” descriptor combination. Results: A total of 106 publications were obtained, and their titles and abstracts were analyzed. After this initial analysis, it was identified that 20 studies contemplated the researched topic, and these studies were integrally analyzed. Conclusion: It was found that there is a consensus regarding the presence of a deficit in language development in children with Down Syndrome compared to the process of children with typical development; that there is greater use of gestural productions in this population, which may favor lexical acquisition; and that speech-language intervention is effective in language development in Down syndrome