Applicability and clinical considerations of the Contralateral Routing of Signal System (CROS):
systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-2724.2022v34i1e51149Keywords:
Unilateral hearing loss, Hearing loss, vestibular rehabilitation, Hearing AidsAbstract
Introduction: The system Contralateral Routing of Signal (CROS) is an option of auditory intervention in order to improve the monaural perception and minimize the difficulties of unilateral hearing loss. Objective: to analyze and describe the target users, the adaptation time and the control use of CROS system, the evaluations utilized to measure its benefits, as well as its effectiveness and limitations. Method: This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The bibliographic research was through the scientific data online banks in the health area, PubMed and Scopus, using the keywords “Unilateral hearing loss”, “Hearing aid”, “CROS” and “Contralateral Routing of Signal”. The results of the research were limited to experimental scientific articles, which address directly the CROS system, published in English, Portuguese or Spanish. Results: Eleven studies were selected to review. The age of CROS users ranged from nine to 84 years and male sex prevalence. There was great diversity in the evaluations being carried out. The performance’s evaluation date varied between less than 30 days and more than six months after the adaptation. Such assessments were performed using non-standardized questionnaires and objective evaluations with controlled stimuli. The use of CROS provides benefits in sound localization, head shadow effect and speech intelligibility, but it is not effective in noisy situations. Conclusion: CROS should be the first option in unilateral hearing loss rehabilitation for being a non-invasive, easy adaption, handling dispositive and with good benefits to the client.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Silman S, Iório MCM, Mizhahi MM, Parra VM. Próteses auditivas: um estudo sobre seu benefício na qualidade de vida de indivíduos portadores de perda auditiva neurossensorial. Distúrb. comun. 2004; 16(2): 153-65.
Zhang Y et al. Detection of Unilateral Hearing Loss by Stationary Wavelet Entropy. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2017; 16(2): 122-8. DOI: 10.2174/1871527315666161026115046.
Usami S et al. Etiology of single-sided deafness and asymmetrical hearing loss. Acta Oto-Laryngol. 2017; 137(565): S2- 7. DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2017.1300321.
Mondelli MFCG, Hoshii LA, Garcia TM, de Souza Jacob RT. Unilateral hearing loss: CROS fitting. Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol., 2013; 79(4), 523. DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20130093.
Almeida K, Santos TMM. Seleção e adaptação de próteses auditivas em crianças. In: Almeida K, Iorio MCM. Próteses auditivas: fundamentos teóricos e aplicações clínicas. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Lovise; 2003. p.357-80.
Costa LD, Santos SN, Costa MJ. Perda auditiva unilateral e o uso de prótese auditiva: reconhecimento de fala, benefício, autopercepção do desempenho funcional e satisfação. Rev. CEFAC. 2019; 21(1), e13918. DOI: 10.1590/1982-0216/201921113918.
Firszt JB, Reeder RM, Holden LK, Dwyer NY, Cadieux JH. Results in individuals with asymmetric hearing loss using a cochlear implant and a hearing aid. In: Semantic Scholar; 2015 [base de dados na internet]; [cited 2020 Set 15]. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Results-in-Individuals-with-Asymmetric-Hearing-Loss-Firszt-h./f97f0e89f3eda1bdbf3c5e47 a0 9f778905e63453.
Lee DH, Noh H. Prediction of the use of conventional hearing aids in Korean adults with unilateral hearing impairment. Int. J. Audiol. 2015; 54(9): 6139. DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2015.1023902.
Krishnan LA, Hyfte SV. Management of unilateral hearing loss. Int. J. Pediatric. Otorhinolaryngol. 2016; 88: 63-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.06.048.
Mondelli MFCG, Santos MM, José MR. Speech perception in noise in unilateral hearing loss. Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol. 2016; 82(4): 427-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.08.019.
Snapp HA, Hoffer ME, Liu X, Rajguru SM. Effectiveness in Rehabilitation of Current Wireless CROS Technology in Experienced Bone-Anchored Implant Users. Otol Neurotol. 2017; 38(10): 1397-1404. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001614.
Tharpe A, Sladen D, Murphy JD, Boney S. Minimal Hearing Loss in Children: Minimal But Not Inconsequential. Semin Hear. 2009; 30: 80-93. DOI: 10.1055/S-0029-1215437.
Ryu N et al. Clinical effectiveness of wireless CROS (contralateral routing of offside signals) hearing aids. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2015; 272(9): 2213-9. DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3133-0.
Gelfand SA. Usage of CROS hearing aids by unilaterally deaf patients. Arch Otolaryngol. 1979; 105(6): 328-332. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1979.00790180026005.
Snapp H. Nonsurgical Management of Single-Sided Deafness: Contralateral Routing of Signal. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2019; 80(2): 132-138. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1677687.
Kiessling J, Brenner B, Jespersen CT, Groth J, Jensen OD. Occlusion effect of earmolds with different venting systems. J Am Acad Audiol. 2005; 16(04): 237–249. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.16.4.5.
BRASIL, 2012. Instrutivos de reabilitação auditiva, física, intelectual e visual. [cited 2020 Set 15]. Available from: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D, Group P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 2009; 62: 1006-1012. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
Busk Linnebjerg L, Wetke R. The benefits of CROS aids for individuals with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Hear. Balance Commun. 2014; 12:1, 36-40. DOI: 10.3109/21695717.2013.794593.
Lundborg T, Swärd I, Lindström B. Experience with Classic Cros Hearing Aids in Unilateral Deafness. Scand Audiol. 1976; 5: 1,17-23. DOI: 10.3109/01050397609043091.
Navarro MR, Vogelson DO. An objective assessment of a CROS hearing aid. Arch Otolaryngol. 1974; 100(1): 58-59. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1974.00780040062012.
Tonning FM. Directional Audiometry: V. The Influence of Azimuth on the Perception of Speech in Patients with Monaural Hearing Loss treated with Hearing Aids (CROS), Acta Oto-Laryngol. 1972; 74: 1-6,37-44. DOI: 10.3109/00016487209128420.
Aufricht H. A follow-up study of the CROS hearing aid. J Speech Hear Disord. 1972; 37(1): 113-117. DOI: 10.1044/jshd.3701.113.
Lotterman SH, Kasten RN. Examination of the CROS type hearing aid. J Speech Hear Res. 1971; 14(2): 416-420. DOI: 10.1044/jshr.1402.416.
Harford E, Dodds E. The clinical application of CROS. A hearing aid for unilateral deafness. Arch Otolaryngol. 1966; 83(5): 455-464. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.1966.00760020457010.
Harford E, Barry J. A rehabilitative approach to the problem of unilateral hearing impairment: the contralateral routing of signals CROS. J Speech Hear Disord. 1965; 30: 121-138. DOI: 10.1044/jshd.3002.121.
Park SN et al. Standardization for a Korean version of hearing handicap inventory for the elderly. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 2011; 54: 828–834. DOI: 10.3342/KJORL-HNS.2011.54.12.828.
Chu H et al. Standardization for a Korean adaptation of the international outcome inventory for hearing aids: study of validity and reliability. Korean J Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 2012; 55:20–25. DOI: 10.3342/KJORL-HNS.2012.55.1.20.
Moon IJ et al. Sound localization performance improves after canaloplasty in unilateral congenital aural atresia patients. Otol Neurotol. 2014; 35: 639–644. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000271.
Moon SK et al. The Korean hearing in noise test. Int J Audiol. 2008; 47: 375–376. DOI: 10.1080/14992020701882457.
Aiello CP, Lima II, Ferrari DV. Validity and reliability of the hearing handicap inventory for adults. Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.). 2011; 77, 4, 432-438. DOI: 10.1590/S1808-86942011000400005.
Mondelli MFCG, Jacob RTS, Ribeiro JP, Felici MGFM, Sanches RCP. Unilateral Hearing Loss: The Benefit of Auditory Localization after Adaptation of Hearing Aids Individual. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010; 14(3): 309-15.
Bevilacqua MC, Banhara MR, Da Costa EA, Vignoly AB, Alvarenga KF. The Brazilian Portuguese hearing in noise test. Int J Audiol. 2008; 47(6): 364-5. DOI: 10.1080/14992020701870205.
Tonning FM. Directional audiometry. II The influence of azimuth on the perception of speech. Acta Otolaryng. 1971, 352. DOI: 10.3109/00016487109122493.
Peterson GE, Lehiste I. Revised CNC Lists for Auditory Tests. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 1962; 27(1), 62. DOI: 10.1044/jshd.2701.62.
Dirks D, Carhart R. A survey of reactions from users of binaural and monaural hearing aids. J. Speech Hearing Dis.1962; 311-322. DOI: 10.1044/jshd.2704.311.
Finbow J, Bance M, Aiken S, Gulliver M, Verge J, Caissie R. A Comparison Between Wireless CROS and Bone-anchored Hearing Devices for Single-sided Deafness: A Pilot Study. Otol Neurotol. 2015; 36(5): 819-25. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000000762.
Snapp H A, Hoffer M E, Liu X, Rajguru S M. Effectiveness in rehabilitation of current wireless CROS technology in experienced bone-anchored implant users. Otol Neurotol. 2017a; 38(10): 1397-1404. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001614.
Snapp H A, Holt F D, Liu X, Rajguru S M. Comparison of speech-in-noise and localization benefits in unilateral hearing loss subjects using contralateral routing of signal hearing aids or bone-anchored implants. Otol Neurotol. 2017b; 38(01): 11–18. DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001269.
Kochkin S. MarkeTrak VIII: The key influencing factors in hearing aid purchase intent. Hear Rev. 2012; 19(03): 12–25.
Williams VA, McArdle RA, Chisolm TH. Subjective and objective outcomes from new BiCROS technology in a veteran sample. J Am Acad Audiol. 2012; 23(10): 789–806. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.23.10.5.
Ericson H1 SI, Högset O, Devert G, Ekström L. Contralateral routing of signals in unilateral hearing impairment. A better method of fitting. Scand Audiol. 1988; 17: 111–6. DOI: 10.3109/01050398809070699.
Taal CH, van Barneveld DC, Soede W, Briaire JJ, Frijns JH. Benefit of contralateral routing of signals for unilateral cochlear implant users. J Acoust Soc Am. 2016; 140(01): 393. DOI: 10.1121/1.4955307
Van de Heyning P, Távora-Vieira D, Mertens G, et al. Towards a Unified Testing Framework for Single-Sided Deafness Studies: A Consensus Paper. Audiol Neurotol. 2016; 21(6): 391-398. DOI: 10.1159/000455058.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Vanessa de Oliveira Cristiano Nascimento, Letícia Bitencourt Uberti, Geise Corrêa Ferreira, Karina Carlesso Pagliarin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
