Outra forma de separação
Horkheimer, Schlick, Bergson
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2764-0892.2024.v2.n2.e66032Palavras-chave:
Empirismo Lógico, Teoria crítica, Lebensphilosophie, Henri Bergson, Max Horkheimer, Moritz SchlickResumo
Apesar de sua influência formativa na subsequente emergência de uma suposta 'divisão' entre a filosofia 'analítica' e 'continental', o conflito entre a tradição fenomenológica e a filosofia analítica inicial é apenas uma pequena parte de uma separação muito mais ampla, complexa e multifacetada entre várias vertentes da filosofia germânica do período entre guerras. Certamente, mais do que duas partes seguiram caminhos distintos. Como Friedman (2000) observou com razão, essa 'separação' foi em grande parte um resultado do contexto pós-guerra do 'declínio' do neokantismo. O vácuo de poder resultante gerou confrontos entre múltiplas tendências filosóficas que disputavam a posição dominante institucionalmente ocupada pelas escolas neokantianas. Essa luta pelo poder incluiu, além da última posição de Cassirer em defesa do neokantismo, não apenas os empiristas lógicos e os vários desdobramentos da tradição fenomenológica, mas também a Lebensphilosophie, a Antropologia Filosófica e a Escola de Frankfurt. Este trabalho traçará um caminho por algumas das tendências envolvidas na mencionada 'separação de caminhos', na tentativa de trazer algumas delas de volta ao diálogo. Eu me concentrarei em explorar um aspecto específico da explicação de Horkheimer sobre a 'separação de caminhos', ou seja, sua crítica à noção de dado. O objetivo geral do trabalho será estabelecer um diálogo entre três abordagens para o dado: a polêmica de Horkheimer contra o mito do dado empirista lógico, a polêmica de Schlick contra o mito do dado bergsoniano e a metodologia bergsoniana da intuição.
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