Dimensões de variação discursiva visual na xenofobia antichinesa no Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2237-759X2026V58e77160Palavras-chave:
Infodemia, xenofobia, análise multidimensional visualResumo
Este estudo examina as dimensões da variação discursiva visual relacionadas à xenofobia antichinesa no X (antigo Twitter) durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, utilizando a Análise Multidimensional Visual (Soares da Silva, 2025; Berber Sardinha, 2024; Berber Sardinha et al., 2023; 2022), metodologia que combina técnicas avançadas de Inteligência Artificial (IA) para análise de dados visuais. O Corpus de Xenofobia Antichinesa (COXAC), contém 12.885 imagens coletadas no X. A análise identificou cinco dimensões de variação visual: 1) Denúncia de atividades fraudulentas da China versus Acusação de traição da elite; 2) Fragilidade do governo local versus Apoio a líderes destemidos; 3) Impacto da COVID-19 na saúde pública versus Responsabilização pelas medidas de lockdown; 4) Arte representando os efeitos da pandemia versus Fotografia destacando comportamentos responsáveis; 5) Ameaça do comunismo à liberdade global versus Desencorajamento durante o trabalho remoto.
Downloads
Referências
BAKER, P. Using corpora in discourse analysis. London: Continuum. vii, 198 p. p. 2006.
BAKER, P.; MCENERY, T. Corpora and Discourse Studies: Integrating Discourse and Corpora. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 2015.
BANERJEE, D.; MEENA, K. S. COVID-19 as an “Infodemic” in Public Health: Critical Role of the Social Media. Frontiers in Public Health, v. 9, n. 231, 2021.
BERBER SARDINHA, T. Linguística de Corpus, Manole, 2004.
BERBER SARDINHA, T.; VEIRANO PINTO, M. (Eds.). Multi-Dimensional Analysis, 25 years on. A tribute to Douglas Biber. Amsterdam; Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins, v. 60, 2014.
BERBER SARDINHA, T.; VEIRANO PINTO, M. (Eds.). Multi-Dimensional Analysis: Research Methods and Current Issues. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019.
BERBER SARDINHA, T.; ALENCAR, A. L. S.; SILVA, C. S. DA, GIL, C. B.; LOPES, M. J. F.; & HUGHES, S. A. S. (2022). #eunaovoutomarvacina: uma abordagem da linguística de corpus e da análise multimodal imagética. Intercâmbio, 51, e58515. Recuperado de https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/intercambio/article/view/58515
BERBER SARDINHA, T.; MOREIRA, M. M. F. P. Deus, Pátria e família: Os discursos bolsonaristas na rede social Twitter. TCC. São Paulo. LAEL, Pontifícia Universidade ]Católica de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2023.
BERBER SARDINHA, T. et al. The Coronavirus Infodemic: A Multidimensional, Discourse-Based Perspective. Seminário. In: Corpus Linguistics 2023 International Conference. Lancaster, UK: 2023.
BERBER SARDINHA, T. Exploring multimodal corpora in the classroom from a multidimensional perspective. (pp. 25-36). In: CROSTHWAITE, P. Corpora for language learning. Bridging the Research-Practice Divide, Routledge, New York, 2024.
BIBER, D. Variation across speech and writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988.
BIBER, D. Dimensions of register variation. A cross-linguistic comparison, England. Cambridge University Press, 1995.
BIBER, D. Multidimensional approaches. In: LÜDELING, A. KYTÖ, M. (Eds.). Corpus linguistics: An international handbook v.2. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter,2009.
BIBER, D., & CONRAD, S. Register, genre, and style (2nd edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
CHRISTIANSEN, A., DANCE, W., WILD, A. Constructing corpora from images and text: an intriduction to Visual Constituents Analysis. In S. Rudiger & D. Dayter (Eds), corpus Approaches to Social media, chapter 7, (pp. 149-173), Jonh Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020.
COLLINS, L., BAKER, P. Creating and analysing a multimodal corpus of news text with Google Cloud Vision’s automatic image tagger. Applied Corpus Linguistics, 3 (1), 100043, 2023
DIONNE, K.Y.; TURKMEN, F. F. The politics of pandemic othering: Putting COVID-19 in global and historical context. International Organization, v. 74, n. S1, p. E213-E230, 2020.
DUBEY, A. D. The Resurgence of Cyber Racism During the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Aftereffects: Analysis of Sentiments and Emotions in Tweets JMIR Public Health Surveill, v. 6, n. 4, e19833, 2020.
GORSUCH, R. L. Exploratory factor analysis:its role in item analysis. Journal of personality assessment, v. 68, n. 3, p. 532-560, 1997.
FOUCAULT, M.; FAUBION, J. (Ed.). The Essential Works of Michel Foucault 1954–1988: Power. New York: New York Press, 2000
HOPPE, T. “Spanish Flu”: When Infectious Disease Names Blur Origins and Stigmatize Those Infected. American Journal of Public Health, v. 108, n. 11, p. 1462-1464, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304645, 2018.
ITTEFAQ, M. et al. A pandemic of hate: Social representations of COVID-19 in the media. Anal Soc Issues Public Policy, n. 22, p. 225-252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12300, 2022.
KAUFFMANN, C. Linguística de corpus e estilo: análises multidimensional e canônica na ficção de Machado de Assis. [s.l.] Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2020.
LEE, S. et al. The experience of SARS-related stigma at Amoy Gardens. Social science & medicine, v. 61, n. 9, p. 2038-204, 2005.
MANSOURI, F. The socio-cultural impact of COVID-19: exploring the role of intercultural dialogue in emerging responses. Paris: UNESCO Briefing Papers, 2020.
MESQUITA, C. T.; OLIVEIRA, A.; SEIXAS, F. L.; PAES, A. Infodemia, fake news and medicine: Science and the quest for truth. International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences, v. 33, n. 3, p. 203-205, 2020.
MOHAMMADI, A. N. Political framing of Covid-19: Metaphor and moral panic. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, Volume 29, Issue 2, Jun 2023, p. 189 – 212, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.22087.moh
PARTINGTON, A. ‘Corpus-assisted comparative case studies of representations of the Arab world’ in P. Baker and T. McEnery (eds) Corpora and Discourse Studies: Integrating Corpora and Discourse, pp. 220–43. London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2015.
PATRICK, I. Latin America used to be positive toward China. Covid-19 might change that. The Diplomat. 10 abr. 2020. Disponível em: di<https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/latin-america-used-to-be-positive-toward-china-covid-19-might-change-that/>. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2023.
PERSON, B. et al. Fear and Stigma: The Epidemic within the SARS Outbreak. Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 10, n. 2, p. 358-363, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1002.030750, 2004
RENY, T.; BARRETO, M. A. Xenophobia in the time of pandemic: othering, anti-Asian attitudes, and COVID-19. Politics, Groups, and Identities, v. 1, n. 24, 2020.
RIBEIRO, J. Xenofobia e intolerância linguística: Discurso sobre estrangeiridade e hostilidade brasileira. Campinas, Brazil: Pontes Editores, 2022.
SANTA ANA, O. Brown Tide Rising: Metaphors of Latinos in Contemporary American Public Discourse. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002.
SANTA ANA, O., TREVIÑO, S. L., BAILEY, M., BODOSSIAN, K. ‘A May to remember: adversarial images of immigrants in US newspapers during the 2006 policy debate’, Du Bois Review 4 (1), pp. 207–32, 2007.
SHE, Z., ZHOU, N., LI, D., et al. Does COVID-19 threat increase xenophobia? The roles of protection efficacy and support seeking. BMC Public Health, 22, 485. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12912-8, 2022.
SOARES DA SILVA, C. Exploring disscursive multidimensionality and multimodality on Twitter: Analyzing xenophobic representations targeting China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Paper presented at the Corpus Linguistics 2025 International Conference (CL2025), Aston University, Birmingham, UK, 2025 .
SOARES DA SILVA, C.; SILVA, E. B. da; MILANEZ, A. A. Z.; BOLDARINE, A. C.; BERBER SARDINHA, T. Infodemia e discursos xenofóbicos contra a China no Twitter durante a pandemia de covid-19: uma análise multidimensional lexical. Revista EntreLinguas, Araraquara, v. 11, n. 00, p. e025013, 2025. DOI: 10.29051/el.v11i00.19844. Disponível em: https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/entrelinguas/article/view/19844. Acesso em: 25 jan. 2026.
STUBBS, M. Words and Phrases: Corpus Linguistics Studies of Lexical Semantics. Malden: Blackwell, 2002.
TABACHNICK, B.G.; FIDELL, L.S. Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson Education, 2007.
WHITE, A. I. Historical linkages: epidemic threat, economic risk, and xenophobia. The Lancet, 395(10232), 1250–1251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30737-6, 2020.
ZIELINSKI, C. Infodemics and infodemiology: a short history, a long future. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica, n. 45, p. 1-8, 2021.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Cícero Soares da Silva, Maria Claudia Nunes Delfino

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.



