EXPLORANDO EL IMPACTO DE LA TECNOLOGÍA FINANCIERA EN LA EFICIENCIA DE LA BANCA COMERCIAL: UNA INVESTIGACIÓN EMPÍRICA
an empirical investigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2025v16i2p94-106Palabras clave:
FinTech, eficiencia bancaria, transformación Digital, innovación financieraResumen
Este estudio investiga el impacto de la tecnología financiera (FinTech) en la eficiencia de los bancos comerciales en la India. Explora si FinTech aumenta la productividad operativa y promueve la inclusión financiera en el panorama financiero en rápida evolución. La investigación emplea un marco empírico, que analiza datos anuales de 2012 a 2022 para 29 bancos comerciales indios. La eficiencia se mide utilizando el índice Malmquist basado en análisis envolvente de datos (DEA), mientras que el Índice de desarrollo de FinTech se construye utilizando técnicas de minería de texto. Los Modelos de regresión que incluyen OLS agrupados, efectos fijos, efectos aleatorios y método de momento generalizado (GMM) se emplean para probar hipótesis. Los resultados indican que la adopción de Fintech aumenta significativamente la eficiencia de los bancos comerciales. Innovaciones como la Banca Móvil, Los Pagos digitales y la tecnología blockchain mejoran las experiencias de los clientes al tiempo que reducen los costos operativos. Se observaron correlaciones positivas entre el desarrollo de las Fintechs, el crecimiento del PIB y los índices de adecuación de capital, lo que respalda la hipótesis de que las fintechs son catalizadores de la eficiencia y la innovación en el sector bancario. El estudio se limita a los bancos comerciales indios y se basa en datos secundarios. La investigación futura puede ampliar el alcance para incluir análisis comparativos en mercados emergentes e incorporar datos primarios para obtener información más profunda. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de que los bancos indios adopten la transformación digital integrando soluciones FinTech en sus operaciones. Este enfoque podría promover la inclusión financiera, mejorar la prestación de servicios e impulsar el crecimiento económico. Al aprovechar FinTech, los bancos pueden mejorar el acceso a los Servicios Financieros para las poblaciones desatendidas, contribuyendo al alivio de la pobreza y la equidad económica. Este estudio proporciona evidencia empírica del papel transformador de FinTech en el aumento de la eficiencia de la banca Comercial en la India al ofrecer información procesable a los responsables políticos, las instituciones financieras y las partes interesadas.
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