ANÁLISE BASEADA EM SIMULAÇÃO DO EFEITO DOS TELHADOS VERDES NO DESEMPENHO TÉRMICO DE EDIFÍCIOS EM UMA PAISAGEM TROPICAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2021v12i1p45-56Palavras-chave:
Ilha de Calor Urbano, Conforto Térmico, Kumasi, Urbanização, Mudanças climáticasResumo
Além da população cada vez maior da maioria das cidades tropicais, a alta temperatura ambiente, as condições de conforto deterioradas e os ambientes altamente poluídos são apenas alguns dos problemas que essas cidades enfrentam. No longo prazo, aumentar as demandas de energia tanto para a produção quanto para o fornecimento de espaços confortáveis torna-se necessário, embora seja um recurso muito escasso. É amplamente conhecido que a ilha de calor urbana (UHI) pode afetar significativamente o desempenho térmico do edifício e, como tal, este estudo foi realizado para descobrir como o telhado verde, que é um fator atenuante, pode reduzir o desconforto térmico em espaços internos. Por meio de simulação dinâmica no software EnergyPlus, foi feita uma análise numérica comparativa entre oito cenários em um clima tropical de Gana, levando em consideração variáveis climatológicas, térmicas e hidrológicas. Dois fatores: Índice de área foliar (IAF) e profundidade do solo foram os principais determinantes da análise comparativa. A partir dos resultados, 5 dos 8 cenários foram vistos e todos tiveram um desempenho melhor, levando a uma redução de temperatura de 1,5 ° C. Dos 5, LAI5 / 70-150mm e LAI2 / 500mm sugerem que em todos os pontos, pode haver uma redução na temperatura interna se o LAI for maior ou a profundidade do substrato for profunda. Um LAI maior e uma profundidade mais profunda também podem produzir resultados favoráveis (LAI5 / 500mm), embora após um certo limiar seu efeito enfraqueça. Com base nas constatações, é altamente recomendável que os telhados verdes se tornem parte da solução para o combate ao desconforto térmico interno e não à ventilação mecânica, o que pode ter consequências terríveis em um recurso já assustador que é a energia.
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