Uma revisão sistemática não paramétrica da literatura e recomendações futuras sobre a eficiência do sistema nacional de inovação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2024v15i2p52-82Palavras-chave:
Análise Envoltória de Dados, DEA, Eficiência, Sistema Nacional de InovaçãoResumo
O sistema nacional de inovação (SNI) é fundamental no desenvolvimento de estratégias inovadoras que possam aumentar a vantagem competitiva das inovações, garantindo sua viabilidade a longo prazo em escala global. Este estudo pretendeu ressaltar a escassez de pesquisas atuais sobre a eficiência da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) operacional do SRI por meio de uma revisão sistemática completa da literatura. O pesquisador categorizou a literatura de acordo e forneceu recomendações para pesquisas futuras. A conclusão comprovou que mais pesquisas sobre a eficiência do NIS são necessárias prestando mais atenção ao modelo DEA estendido, especialmente bootstrapping, modelos baseados em slack, redes relacionais, redes dinâmicas e super eficiência. Esse modelo DEA estendido forneceria valores de eficiência mais confiáveis e cientificamente comprovados. No entanto, abordagens não orientadas requerem mais atenção, pois permitem que os pesquisadores lidem com medidas flexíveis em DEA. Como a maioria dos desenvolvimentos de inovação entre os países é heterogênea, o uso de retorno variável à escala (VRS) é relevante em análises prospectivas. O resultado confirmou a necessidade de dar mais preferência aos indicadores institucionais, de infraestrutura e de sofisticação de mercado como variáveis de entrada, enquanto os indicadores de produto criativo como variáveis de saída na medição da eficiência da inovação. Essas variáveis são fundamentais para determinar o valor da eficiência da inovação. O resultado também indicou que estudos futuros com foco na eficiência de países de baixa-média e baixa renda são imperativos. Assim, independentemente do grupo de renda dos NEI, é necessária uma análise comparativa entre países que permita aos NEI comparar-se com inovadores de alto calibre e melhorar seu desempenho em inovação. A análise comparativa também forneceria aos formuladores de políticas dados valiosos e um senso global de inovação.
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