Circular cities

a sustainable approach for the urban future

Autores

  • Leandro Schneider Alves Parreira Fundação João Pinheiro
  • Alexandre Queiroz Guimarães Fundação João Pinheiro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2024v15i3p206-228

Palavras-chave:

Cidades circulares, Economia circular, Desenvolvimento sustentável, Amsterdã, Paris

Resumo

O estudo visou apresentar os conceitos gerais da Economia Circular e sua aplicação em contextos urbanos, denominada Cidade Circular. Foi utilizada revisão bibliográfica, por meio da base Google Scholar e demais fontes governamentais, acadêmicas e de notícias, aliada à técnica de snowball, para a busca e seleção de artigos e fontes de informação. O presente artigo constitui-se de uma revisão teórica das temáticas de Economia Circular e Cidades Circulares, explorando suas características, formas de implementação, stakeholders, benefícios, desafios e indicadores afins. Em seguida, como estudo de caso, utilizam-se como exemplos de análise as capitais Amsterdã e Paris, as quais fornecem subsídios no contexto de implementação das teorias de cidades circulares, estando na vanguarda da temática, mesmo que as metas propostas nos planejamentos estratégicos iniciais não se encontrem totalmente satisfeitas. Conclui-se que as Cidades Circulares são plataformas interessantes para concretizar ideais ecológicos no contexto urbano, envolvendo as partes interessadas. Entretanto, desafios relacionados a políticas públicas, tecnologia, governança e produção se fazem presentes.

Referências

Appendino, F., Roux, C., Saadé, M., & Peuportier, B. (2021). The circular economy in urban projects: A case study analysis of current practices and tools. Transactions of the Association of European Schools of Planning, 71–83. https://doi.org/10.24306/TrAESOP.2021.01.006

BANCO DO BRASIL. (2023). Investimentos ASG. https://bb.com.br/uci/investimentos-asg.html

Bearne, S. (2023). Can Amsterdam Make the Circular Economy Work? BBC News. www.bbc.com/news/business-65696083

Beneton, M. A. H. (2022). A aplicação do sistema ESG ao processo de formação das leis: adaptação do processo legislativo ao mundo contemporâneo para o enfrentamento de novos desafios no setor público. Revista Jurídica Profissional. FGV Direito SP. https://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/ojs/index.php/rjp/article/view/84999

Bîrgovan, A. L., Lakatos, E. S., Szilagyi, A., Cioca, L. I., Pacurariu, R. L., Ciobanu, G., & Rada, E. C. (2022). How Should We Measure? A Review of Circular Cities Indicators. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5177. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095177

Bolger, K., & Doyon, A. (2019). Circular cities: Exploring local government strategies to facilitate a circular economy. European Planning Studies, 27(11), 2184–2205. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1642854

Botta, E. (2019). A review of “Transition Management” strategies: Lessons for advancing the green low-carbon transition. OECD Green Growth Papers, OECD Publishing, Paris.

Centro de liderança pública (CLP). (2023). Ranking de sustentabilidade dos municípios: ESG e ODS. https://conteudo.clp.org.br/ranking-de-competitividade-2023-relatorios

Choose Paris Region. (2023). Circular economy. https://www.chooseparisregion.org/industries/circular-economy.

Cramer, J. (2022). Economia circular exige envolvimento de todos os atores, diz ex-ministra da Holanda. Jornal Folha de São Paulo. Entrevista concedida a Ana Carolina Amaral. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/seminariosfolha/2022/03/economia-circular-exige-envolvimento-de-todos-os-atores-diz-ex-ministra-da-holanda.shtml

Davidescu, A. A., Apostu, S.-A., & Paul, A. (2020). Exploring Citizens’ Actions in Mitigating Climate Change and Moving toward Urban Circular Economy. A Multilevel Approach. Energies, 13(18), 4752. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13184752

De Medici, S., Riganti, P., & Viola, S. (2018). Circular Economy and the Role of Universities in Urban Regeneration: The Case of Ortigia, Syracuse. Sustainability, 10(11), 4305. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10114305

Earth overshoot day. (2023). Earth Overshoot Day. https://www.overshootday.org/

El khatib, A. S. (2019). Governança no setor público: indicadores de governança do banco mundial e sua relação com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio. Revista Técnica dos Tribunais de Contas, v. 4, p. 131-150, 2019.

Ellen Macarthur Foundation (EMF). (2017). Cities in the Circular Economy: An initial Exploration. https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/cities-in-the-circular-economy-an-initial-exploration

Ellen Macarthur Foundation (EMF). (2024). Cities and the Circular Economy – deep dive. https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/cities-and-the-circular-economy-deep-dive.

ENEL. (2020). Circular Cities—Cities of Tomorrow. 3. ed. https://www.enel.com/content/dam/enel-com/documenti/media/paper-circular-cities-2020.pdf

Fusco Girard, L., & Nocca, F. (2019). Moving Towards the Circular Economy/City Model: Which Tools for Operationalizing This Model? Sustainability, 11(22), 6253. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11226253

Hanemaaijer, A. et al. (2023). Integral Circular Economy Report 2023. Assessment for the Netherlands. Summary and Main Findings. PBL, The Hague.

HEURKENS, Erwin & DĄBROWSKI, Marcin. (2020). Circling the square: Governance of the circular economy transition in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area. European Spatial Research and Policy. 2:11-31.

Ideia circular. (2023). O papel das cidades na economia circular. https://ideiacircular.com/cidades-na-economia-circular/

Institut Paris Region. (2023). Économie circulaire: état des lieux et enjeux d'avenir en Île-de-France. https://www.institutparisregion.fr/nos-travaux/publications/economie-circulaire-etat-des-lieux-et-enjeux-davenir-en-ile-de-france/

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). (2019). Estimativas da população com referência a 1° de julho de 2019. https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-detalhe-de-midia.html?view=mediaibge&catid=2103&id=3098

Izdebska, O., & Knieling, J. (2020). Citizen involvement in waste management and circular economy in cities: Key elements for planning and implementation. European Spatial Research and Policy, 27(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.27.2.08

Katanich, D. (2022). Champs-Elysées Gets a Green Makeover Ahead of the 2024 Olympic Games. Euronews. www.euronews.com/green/2022/05/15/paris-champs-elysees-to-be-turned-into-an-extraordinary-garden

Khor, N. (2022). World cities report 2022: Envisaging the future of cities. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat).

Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005

Lakatos, E. S., Yong, G., Szilagyi, A., Clinci, D. S., Georgescu, L., Iticescu, C., & Cioca, L.-I. (2021). Conceptualizing Core Aspects on Circular Economy in Cities. Sustainability, 13(14), 7549. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147549

Liu, A., Ren, F., Lin, W. Y., & Wang, J.-Y. (2015). A review of municipal solid waste environmental standards with a focus on incinerator residues. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 4(2), 165–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2015.11.002

Mairie de Paris. (2015). Livre blanc de l’économie circulaire du grand Paris.

Mairie de Paris. (2017). Plan économie circulaire de Paris: 2017-2020.

Mairie de Paris. (2023). Tout savoir sur le développement durable à Paris. https://www.paris.fr/pages/le-developpement-durable-a-paris-5340

Ministère de la transition écologique. (2021). La loi anti-gaspillage dans le quotidien des français: Concretement ça donne quoi ?

Mota Filho, Humberto Eustáquio César. (2021). Agenda ASG no Brasil: investimentos responsáveis = ESG agenda in Brazil: responsible investments. Revista do BNDES, Rio de Janeiro, v. 28, n. 56, p. [239]-266, ed. esp., dez. 2021.

Municipality of Amsterdam. (2020). Amsterdam Circular 2020-2025 strategy. https://assets.amsterdam.nl/publish/pages/867635/amsterdamcircular2020-2025_strategy.pdf

Municipality of Amsterdam. (2022). Circular Economy Programme: Lessons and Recommendations 2020-2021. https://assets.amsterdam.nl/publish/pages/867635/circular_economy_lessons_and_recommendations_2020-2021.pdf

Municipality of Amsterdam. (2023). Circular Economy. https://onderzoek.amsterdam.nl/artikel/circular-economy

Nunes, B., Pollard, S., Burgess, P., Ellis, G., de los Rios, I., & Charnley, F. (2018). University Contributions to the Circular Economy: Professing the Hidden Curriculum. Sustainability, 10(8), 2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082719

Obersteg, A., Arlati, A., Acke, A., Berruti, G., Czapiewski, K., Dąbrowski, M., Heurkens, E., Mezei, C., Palestino, M. F., Varjú, V., Wójcik, M., & Knieling, J. (2019). Urban Regions Shifting to Circular Economy: Understanding Challenges for New Ways of Governance. Urban Planning, 4(3), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i3.2158

ONU. (2023a). Global Issues: Population. https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population

ONU. (2023b). Pacto Global - ESG. https://www.pactoglobal.org.br/pg/esg

Paiho, S., Mäki, E., Wessberg, N., Paavola, M., Tuominen, P., Antikainen, M., Heikkilä, J., Rozado, C. A., & Jung, N. (2020). Towards circular cities—Conceptualizing core aspects. Sustainable Cities and Society, 59, 102143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102143

Paris 2024©. (2021). Rapport durabilité et heritage des jeux olympiques et paralympiques de Paris 2024©. https://www.paris2024.org/fr/rapport-durabilite-heritage/

Pegorin, M. C. & Caldeira-Pires, A. A. & Faria, E. O. (2022). Caminhos e interações da economia circular: estudo baseado em revisão integrativa de literatura e análise bibliométrica. In: XLVI Encontro da ANPAD - EnANPAD 2022, Online. XLVI Encontro da ANPAD - EnANPAD 2022, 2022.

Pérez, Lucy et al. (2022). Does ESG really matter—and why? ln: McKinsey. McKinsey. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/sustainability/our-insights/does-esg-really-matter-and-why

Pombo, Mariana. (2022). Avaliações e Práticas ESG para emissores públicos e soberanos. https://icarebrasil.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/FINAL_Avis_d_expert_ESG_Sovereign_PT_v2_a_enviar.pdf

Porter, C. (2023). Olympic swimming in the seine? How Paris is remaking a river. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/12/sports/olympics/paris-olympics-seine-cleanup.html.

Prendeville, S., Cherim, E., & Bocken, N. (2018). Circular Cities: Mapping Six Cities in Transition. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 26, 171–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2017.03.002

Queiroga, A. T. D. & Elf, P. de Oliveira, V. M. (2022). Modelos de negócios circulares como meio de promoção do comportamento sustentável do consumidor: a proposição de um framework. XXIV Engema. Novembro de 2022. ISSN: 2359-1048.

Raworth, K. (2019). Economia Donut: uma alternativa ao crescimento a qualquer custo. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.

Sahely, H. R., Dudding, S., & Kennedy, C. A. (2003). Estimating the urban metabolism of Canadian cities: Greater Toronto Area case study. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 30(2), 468–483. https://doi.org/10.1139/l02-105

Sariatli, F. (2017). Linear Economy Versus Circular Economy: A Comparative and Analyzer Study for Optimization of Economy for Sustainability. Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development, 6(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.1515/vjbsd-2017-0005

Sebrae. (2023). Greentech: O que é e porque você deveria ficar de olho. https://inovacaosebraeminas.com.br/greentech-o-que-e-e-porque-voce-deveria-ficar-de-olho/

Silva Neto, A. C. da, & Luz, L. L. (2021). Cidade sustentável: economia circular inclusiva dos catadores no Brasil.

Vanhuyse, F., Haddaway, N. R., & Henrysson, M. (2021). Circular cities: An evidence map of research between 2010 and 2020. Discover Sustainability, 2(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-021-00059-2

Wautelet, T. (2018). Exploring the role of independent retailers in the circular economy: A case study approach [Unpublished]. http://rgdoi.net/10.13140/RG.2.2.17085.15847

Williams, J. (2019). Circular Cities: Challenges to Implementing Looping Actions. Sustainability, 11(2), 423. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020423

Williams, J. (2021). Circular Cities: What Are the Benefits of Circular Development? Sustainability, 13(10), 5725. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105725

Downloads

Publicado

2024-11-27