A study among green transformational leadership, green learning, government regulation and sustainable project success across renewable energy investments

Simona Apostu

doi:10.23925/2179-3565.2024v15i4p42-57

Autores

Simona Apostu Bucharest University of Economic Studies

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2024v15i4p42-57

Palavras-chave:

Liderança transformacional verde, Sucesso de projetos sustentáveis, Aprendizagem verde, Regulamentações governamentais, Energia renovável

Resumo

Devido ao recente desastre econômico, o desempenho corporativo sustentável tornou-se uma demanda global e as medidas verdes foram identificadas como a resposta proeminente para essas questões na literatura. Essa circunstância despertou o interesse de formuladores de políticas e novos pesquisadores. O estudo investigou a liderança transformacional verde como fonte de aprendizado verde para alcançar o sucesso sustentável do projeto. Embora os acadêmicos tenham se concentrado nas variáveis que influenciam o sucesso sustentável, uma investigação mínima foi feita sobre os antecedentes do sucesso sustentável em projetos de energia renovável. Usando a teoria da aprendizagem organizacional como base, este estudo investiga as relações entre liderança transformacional verde, aprendizagem verde e sucesso de projetos sustentáveis, bem como o efeito moderador das regulamentações governamentais. Nesse sentido, dados de 325 amostras de projetos de energia renovável no Paquistão foram coletados com a ajuda de um questionário administrado eletronicamente. Para análise preliminar dos dados e teste de hipóteses, foram empregados o SPSS 21 e o Smart PLS 3.0. Os resultados empíricos demonstraram que a liderança transformacional verde tem um efeito positivo significativo no sucesso do projeto sustentável por meio da aprendizagem verde. Os resultados também demonstraram que as regulamentações governamentais desempenham uma influência moderadora na relação entre a aprendizagem verde e o sucesso sustentável do projeto. O estudo não apenas revela as ligações, mas também fornece sugestões teóricas e práticas para o gerenciamento de projetos para melhorar o sucesso sustentável. A pesquisa existente auxilia os formuladores de políticas no desenvolvimento de políticas e leva novos pesquisadores a investigar essa área no futuro.

Referências

Ahmed, A., Arshad, M. A., Mahmood, A., & Akhtar, S. (2019). The influence of spiritual values on employee’s helping behavior: the moderating role of Islamic work ethic. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 16(3), 235-263.

Ashfaq, S., Yang, T., & Maqbool, R. (2019). Volatility spillover impact of world oil prices on leading Asian energy exporting and importing economies' stock returns. Energy, 188(2019), 116002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116002.

Ashfaq, S., Maqbool, R., & Rashid, Y. (2020). Daily dataset of oil prices and stock prices for the top oil exporting and importing countries from the region of Asia. Data in Brief, 2019, 104871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. dib.2019.104871.

Akhtar, M. Z., Zaman, K., Rehman, F. U., Nassani, A. A., Haffar, M., & Abro, M. M. Q. (2022). Evaluating pollution damage function through carbon pricing, renewable energy demand, and cleaner technologies in China: blue versus green economy. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(17), 24878-24893.

Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International journal of hospitality management, 77, 64-75.

Berrone P, Ricart JE, Duch AI, Bernardo V, Salvador J, Piedra Peña J, Rodríguez Planas M (2019) EASIER: An evaluation model for public–private partnerships contributing to the sustainable development goals. Sustainability. 11(8):2339.

Begum, S., Ashfaq, M., Xia, E., & Awan, U. (2022). Does green transformational leadership lead to green innovation? The role of green thinking and creative process engagement. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(1), 580–597. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2911.

Chien, F., Sadiq, M., Nawaz, M. A., Hussain, M. S., Tran, T. D., & Le Thanh, T. (2021). A step toward reducing air pollution in top Asian economies: The role of green energy, eco-innovation, and environmental taxes. Journal of environmental management, 297, 113420.

Çop, S., Olorunsola, V. O., & Alola, U. V. (2021). Achieving environmental sustainability through green transformational leadership policy: Can green team resilience help? Business Strategy y and the Environment, 30(1), 671–682. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2646.

Chen, Y.S., & Chang, C.H. (2013). The determinants of green product development performance: Green dynamic capabilities, green transformational leadership, and green creativity. Journal of Business Ethics, 116 (1), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1452-x.

Chen, T., Hao, S., Ding, K., Feng, X., Li, G., & Liang, X. (2020). The impact of organizational support on employee performance. Employee Relations: The International Journal.

Carter, C. R., & Carter, J. R. (1998). Interorganizational determinants of environmental purchasing: initial evidence from the consumer products industries. Decision Sciences, 29(3), 659–684.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1998.tb01358.x

Chien, F., Sadiq, M., Nawaz, M. A., Hussain, M. S., Tran, T. D., & Le Thanh, T. (2021). A step toward reducing air pollution in top Asian economies: The role of green energy, eco-innovation, and environmental taxes. Journal of environmental management, 297, 113420.

Cui, R., & Wang, J. (2021). Shaping sustainable development: External environmental pressure, exploratory green learning, and radical green innovation. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2213.

Deng, Y., Cherian, J., Ahmad, N., Scholz, M., & Samad, S. (2022). Conceptualizing the Role of Target-Specific Environmental Transformational Leadership between Corporate Social Responsibility and Pro-Environmental Behaviors of Hospital Employees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3565.

Dhir, A., Sadiq, M., Talwar, S., Sakashita, M., & Kaur, P. (2021). Why do retail consumers buy green apparel? A knowledge-attitude-behavior-context perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59, 102398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102398.

Dodgson, M. (1993). Organizational Learning: A Review of Some Literatures. Organization Studies, 14(3), 375–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 017084069301400303.

Fu, Q., Cherian, J., Ahmad, N., Scholz, M., Samad, S., & Comite, U. (2022). An Inclusive Leadership Framework to Foster Employee Creativity in the Healthcare Sector: The Role of Psychological Safety and Polychronicity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4519.

Graves, L. M., and Sarkis, J. (2018). Te role of employees’ leadership perceptions, values, and motivation in employees’ provenvironmental behaviors. J. Clean. Prod. 196, 576–587. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro. 2018.06.013.

Gunkel, M., Schlaegel, C., Rossteutscher, T., & Wolff, B. (2015). The human aspect of cross-border acquisition outcomes: The role of management practices, employee emotions, and national culture. International Business Review, 24(3), 394-408.

Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Diamantopoulos, A., Straub, D. W., Ketchen Jr, D., Hult, T. M., Hair, J. F., & Calantone, R. J. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about PLS: Comments on Rönkkö and Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods, 17 (2),182–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114526928.

Ivanova, D., Stadler, K., Steen‐Olsen, K., Wood, R., Vita, G., Tukker, A., & Hertwich, E. G. (2016). Environmental impact assessment of household consumption. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 20(3), 526-536.

Jabeen, R., & Munir, S. (2018). The Mediating Role of psychological capital in the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Management and Research, 5(2), 1-20.

Jabeen, R., & Rahim, N. (2021). Exploring the effects of despotic leadership on employee engagement, employee trust and task performance. Management Science Letters, 11(1), 223-232.

Kraus, S., Rehman, S. U., & García, F. J. S. (2020). Corporate social responsibility and environmental performance: The mediating role of environmental strategy and green innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160, 120262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120262.

Khan N, Mirza IA, & Khalil M (2014). Renewable energy in Pakistan: status and trends. Altern Energy Dev Board (AEDB).

Khan, A. N., & Khan, N. A. (2022). The nexuses between transformational leadership and employee green organizational citizenship behavior: Role of environmental attitude and green dedication. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(3), 921–933. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse. 2926.

Liao, Z., & Zhang, M. (2020). The influence of responsible leadership on environmental innovation and environmental performance: The moderating role of managerial discretion. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(5), 2016–2027. https://doi.org/10. 1002/ csr. 1942.

Maqbool R, Deng X, Ashfaq S (2020) Success of renewable energy projects under the financial and non-financial performance measures. Sustain Dev 28(5):1366–1375.

Mumtaz M, A Puppim, JH de Oliveira, S Ali (2019). Climate change impacts and adaptation in agricultural sector: the case of local responses in Punjab, Pakistan. In Climate Change and Agriculture. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83553.

Mishra, P., Dangayach, G. S., & Mittal, M. L. (2011). An Ethical approach towards sustainable project Success. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 25, 338-344.

Maqbool, R., Sudong, Y., Manzoor, N., & Rashid, Y. (2017). The impact of emotional intelligence, project managers' competencies, and transformational leadership on project success. Project Management Journal,48(3), 58–75.

Maqbool, R., Rashid, Y., Sultana, S., & Sudong, Y. (2018). Identifying the critical success factors and their relevant aspects for renewable energy projects; an empirical perspective. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 24(3), 223–237.

Maqbool, R., & Sudong, Y. (2018). Critical success factors for renewable energy projects; empirical evidence from Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 195(2018), 991–1002.

Mittal, S., & Dhar, R. L. (2016). Effect of green transformational leadership on green creativity: A study of tourist hotels. Tourism Management, 57, 118–127. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ jtourman. 2016. 05.007

Murtaza, S. A., Mahmood, A., Saleem, S., Ahmad, N., Sharif, M. S., & Molnár, E. (2021). Proposing stewardship theory as an alternate to explain the relationship between CSR and Employees’ pro-environmental behavior. Sustainability, 13(15), 8558.

Ojo, O. (2012). Influence of organizational culture on employee work behavior. International Journal of Contemporary Business Studies, 3(11), 46-57.

Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of work motivation and leadership toward work satisfaction and employee performance: Evidence from Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387-397.

Peters, K., & Buijs, P. (2022). Strategic ambidexterity in green product innovation: Obstacles and implications. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(1), 173–193. https://doi.org /10.1002/ bse.2881.

Peng, J., Yin, K., Hou, N., Zou, Y., & Nie, Q. (2020). How to facilitate employee green behavior: The joint role of green transformational leadership and green human resource management practice. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 52(9), 11–27. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.01105.

PMI, A. (2013). Guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide). Paper presented at the Project Management Institute.

Purc, E., & Laguna, M. (2019). Personal values and innovative behavior of employees. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 865.

Qi, L., Liu, B., Wei, X., & Hu, Y. (2019). Impact of inclusive leadership on employee innovative behavior: Perceived organizational support as a mediator. PloS one, 14(2), e0212091.

Rizvi, Y. S., & Garg, R. (2020). The simultaneous effect of green ability-motivation opportunity and transformational leadership in environment management: the mediating role of green culture. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(3), 830–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2020-0400.

Rehman, S.U., Kraus, S., Shah, S. A., Khanin, D., & Mahto, R. V. (2021). Analyzing the relationship between green innovation and environmental performance in large manufacturing firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, 120481. https://doi.org /10.1016/j.techfore. 2020.120481.

Robertson JL and J Barling (2017) Contrasting the nature and effects of environmentally specific

and general transformational leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal 38(1),

–41. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2015-0100.

Rafique, M. M., & Rehman, S. (2017). National energy scenario of Pakistan–Current status, future alternatives, and institutional infrastructure: An overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 156–167.

Siddiqui, H. A. (2016, August 8). Failed plan. The News International, Retrieved from https://www. thenews.com.pk/magazine/insteptoday/140810-Failed-plan.

Sullivan K, S Thomas and M Rosano (2018) Using industrial ecology and strategic management

concepts to pursue the sustainable development goals. Journal of Cleaner Production 174, 237–

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.201.

Sun, P. Y., & Anderson, M. H. (2012). The combined influence of top and middle management leadership styles on absorptive capacity. Management Learning, 43(1), 25–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/

Talwar, M., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., Tripathy, N., & Dhir, A. (2021). Has financial attitude impacted the trading activity of retail investors during the COVID-19 pandemic? Journal of

Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102341.

Usman M, Kousar R, Makhdum MSA, Yaseen MR, Nadeem AM (2022) Do financial development, economic growth, energy consumption, and trade openness contribute to increase carbon emission in Pakistan? An insight based on ARDL bound testing approach. Environ Dev Sustain 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10668-021-02062-z

United Nations. Climate Change and the Developing World: A Disproportionate Impact. Available online: https://www.usglc.org/media/2021/03/USGLC-Fact-Sheet-Climate-Change.pdf (accessed on 6 June 2022).

United Nations. Act Now. Available online: https://www.un.org/en/actnow/facts-and figures# :text=The%20energy%20supply%20sector%20(electricity,21%25%20of%20resultant%20CO2%20emissions (accessed on 17 August 2022).

Wang, Z., Zaman, S., Rasool, S. F., uz Zaman, Q., & Amin, A. (2020). Exploring the relationships between a toxic workplace environment, workplace stress, and project success with the moderating effect of organizational support: empirical evidence from Pakistan. Risk management and healthcare policy, 13, 1055.

Yu, H., Shabbir, M. S., Ahmad, N., Ariza-Montes, A., Vega-Muñoz, A., Han, H., ... & Sial, M. S. (2021). A contemporary issue of micro-foundation of CSR, employee pro-environmental behavior, and environmental performance toward energy saving, carbon emission reduction, and recycling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5380.

Ying M, NA Faraz, F Ahmed and A Raza (2020) How does servant leadership foster employees’ voluntary green behavior? A sequential mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17(5), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051792.

Yang B, Jahanger A, Usman M, Khan MA (2021) The dynamic linkage between globalization, financial development, energy utilization, and environmental sustainability in GCC countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28(13):16568–16588. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11356-020-11576-4.

Zang, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Woods, M., & Fois, F. (2020). Rural decline or restructuring? Implications for sustainability transitions in rural China. Land Use Policy, 94, 104531. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.landusep*ol.2020.104531.

Zaman, S., Wang, Z., Rasool, S. F., uz Zaman, Q., & Raza, H. (2022). Impact of critical success factors and supportive leadership on sustainable success of renewable energy projects: Empirical evidence from Pakistan. Energy Policy, 162, 112793.

Zhang, D., Mahmood, A., Ariza-Montes, A., Vega-Muñoz, A., Ahmad, N., Han, H., & Sial, M. S. (2021). Exploring the impact of corporate social responsibility communication through social media on banking customer e-wom and loyalty in times of crisis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4739.

Zhang, Y., & Chabay, I. (2020). How “green knowledge” influences sustainability through behavior change: Theory and policy implications. Sustainability, 12(16), 6448.

Zhao, W., & Huang, L. (2022). The impact of green transformational leadership, green HRM, green innovation and organizational support on the sustainable business performance: evidence from China. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 1-21.

Zhou, J. F., and Zhang, G. L. (2018). Research on the inﬂuence mechanism of green human resource management practices on employees’ green behavior--based on the perspective of self-determination theory. China Human Resource Develop. 35, 20–30. doi: 10.16471/j.cnki.11-2822/c.2018.07.002.

https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/11/09/a-renewable-energy-future-forpakistans-power-system

https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/pakistan-renewable-energy

https://cpec.gov.pk/energy