A INSTÂNCIA AUTORAL E OS MODOS DE ENUNCIAÇÃO LITERÁRIA NA LITERATURA FANTÁSTICA BRASILEIRA

Abstract

This article investigates the authorial instance and the modes of literary enunciation that legitimize the enunciator as a referential author in the literary discourses of the short story "The Last Tree", by Nelson de Oliveira / Luiz Brás. The analysis of the instance of author in fantasy literature is essential to understand the complex relationships between text, author and reader. Starting from the challenge to the centrality of the author, we propose that the meaning of a text emerges in the interaction between the co-enunciator and the literary utterances, decentering the figure of the empirical author and emphasizing the construction of an authorial instance based on the plurality of meanings in enunciative-discursive practice. In fantasy literature, where the rupture with reality and the creation of alternative worlds are fundamental, these approaches allow for an analysis that highlights the figure of the author as the one who manages the poetics of uncertainty. We use a theoretical-methodological apparatus that integrates two complementary perspectives. Dominique Maingueneau conceives the author as an instance that performs according to the rules of a statute or function, highlighting the presence of a referential enunciator and the scenography that shape the reception of the text. In contrast, Roland Barthes proposes that true interpretative freedom is achieved when the author is "killed", allowing the text to be explored in its polysemic fullness by the co-enunciator. This approach suggests that the meaning of a text is not fixed in authorial intention, but emerges in the dynamic interaction between the reader and the language. The selected sample exemplifies how fantastic literature mobilizes discursive formations that dialogue with contemporary and emerging issues in the field of the unusual and science, highlighting the competence of the referential authorial instance in enunciative-discursive practice.