Os altares patriarcais em Gênesis
Práticas cultuais e religião familiar em perspectiva histórico-literária
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-4174.38.2026e77877Palavras-chave:
altares, Gênesis, religião familiar, Arqueologia siro-palestina, Antigo Oriente PróximoResumo
O presente artigo investiga as memórias e tradições em torno dos altares patriarcais associados a Abraão, Isaque e Jacó descritos no livro de Gênesis sob uma perspectiva interdisciplinar que articula a crítica histórico-literária e a arqueologia siro-palestina. Frente ao debate clássico sobre a historicidade das narrativas patriarcais, propõe-se que esses altares não constituem meras projeções teológicas tardias, mas sim expressões plausíveis da religião doméstica e clânica da Idade do Bronze. Metodologicamente, o estudo tipifica as estruturas de culto em Gênesis e as correlaciona com achados estratigráficos em sítios como Siquém, Betel, Hebrom e Berseba, articulando a conceituação fenomenológica de intencionalidade interna com o modelo socioantropológico de interação culturalmente padronizada. Argumenta-se que a construção livre de altares rústicos ao ar livre reflete a autonomia do bêt ʾāb (família estendida) sob o Modo de Produção Doméstico, caracterizando uma prática religiosa descentralizada que operava à margem das futuras teocracias estatais. As práticas cultuais associadas aos altares, incluindo invocação, consagração, votos e, em determinados episódios, sacrifícios corroborados por registros arqueológicos e textuais do antigo Levante, funcionam como poderosos mecanismos de demarcação territorial, estabelecimento de alianças e consolidação da identidade clânica dos progenitores de Israel.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Douglas Alves, Lucas Rego de Queiroz

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