Learning Disabilities: Contributions of Cognitive Psychology and Fenomenografia

Abstract

The Learning Disabilities are configured as complex educational and psychosocial problems involving a network of relations between the learner, their conditions of development and learning and their unique ways of dealing with knowledge and apply it to their daily lives. This article proposes a critical reflection on this phenomenon focused on the active role of the learner in the construction of knowledge and conceptions of learning, from both the cognitive and phenomenographic perspectives. Such approaches highlight significant relationships among the conceptions of the act of learning, self-efficacy and the use of learning strategies and indicate their impact on the design of the learning approach. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the advance in the understanding of learning disabilities as a complex phenomenon involving the interaction between metacognitive processes and self-awareness. Furthermore, it is suggested that understanding these relationships is a guiding factor in the definition of evaluation, prevention and psycho-pedagogical intervention that promote school development of children with this type of school complaints.