The impact of large technology corporations on the world political order: an analysis of the rise of the clash between big tech companies and states
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2178-0080.2025v27i2.66836Keywords:
world politics, big techs, technological regulationAbstract
This article aims to analyze the new global economic scenarios arising from the emergence of big techs and how these companies' influence interferes with countries' decision-making. The justification comes from the growing interdependence between technology, geopolitical dynamics, and the preservation of the foundations of States. It is crucial to highlight the existence of different types of power, notably “soft power” and “hard power”. Documentary research of an exploratory and inductive nature was carried out. In data analysis, the Iramuteq software was used. The results highlight the complexity of the ongoing debate and the lack of solid empirical data, making it difficult to accurately determine States' positions and their future difficulties in dealing with big tech.
References
Ahumada, B. P., & Polanco, Q. A. B. (2022, July). The Fashion System as Soft Power in a Geopolitical Framework. A Critical Investigation of the Kenya and Liberia Athlete’s Delegation Garments Dressed at Olympic Games Tokyo 2021. In International Fashion and Design Congress (pp. 192-203). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Bobbio, N., & Nogueira, M. A. (1986). O futuro da democracia: uma defesa das regras do jogo (pp. 83-106). Rio de Janeiro: Paz e terra.
Birch, K., & Bronson, K. (2022). Big tech. Science as Culture, 31(1), 1-14.
Bragazzi, N. L., Dai, H., Damiani, G., Behzadifar, M., Martini, M., & Wu, J. (2020). How big data and artificial intelligence can help better manage the COVID-19 pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(9), 3176.
Brasil. (2014). Lei nº 12.965, de 23 de abril de 2014. Estabelece princípios, garantias, direitos e deveres para o uso da Internet no Brasil. Brasília, DF: Presidência da República. Disponível em: http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2011-2014/2014/lei/l12965.htm. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2023.
Bronson, K., & Sengers, P. (2022). Big tech meets big ag: Diversifying epistemologies of data and power. Science as Culture, 31(1), 15-28.
Caldas, C. O. L., & Caldas, P. N. L. (2019). Estado, democracia e tecnologia: conflitos políticos e vulnerabilidade no contexto do big-data, das fake news e das shitstorms. Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação, 24, 196-220.
Cordeiro, A. B. M. (2023). Direito da Proteção de Dados-À luz do RGPD e da Lei no 58/2019.
Haugen, F. (2022). Facebook Papers: ‘Meta não protege eleições no Brasil’. Uol, 2022. Recuperado de: https://www.uol.com.br/tilt/noticias/redacao/2022/07/06/frances-haugen-do-facebook-papers-meta-nao-protege-eleicoes-no-brasil.htm
Hermes, F. (2022). Europa avança na regulação contra Big Techs. Disponível em: https://blocktrends.com.br/europa-avanca-na-regulacao-contra-big-techs/
Islam, M. N. (2022). Theoretical Framework and Non-Western Soft Power Strategy. In Power of Bonding and Non-Western Soft Power Strategy in Iran: Comparing China and India's Engagement (pp. 27-67). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Jacobides, M. G. (2020). Regulating Big Tech in Europe: why, so what, and how understanding their business models and ecosystems can make a difference, Evolution, 26(1), 3-42. Available at SSRN 3765324.
Junior, I. F. B., Gallinaro, F., & Sampaio, V. G. R. (2018). Marco civil da internet e direito à privacidade na sociedade da informação. Revista Direito, Estado e Sociedade, (52), 114-133.
Khanna, P. (2016). Connectography: Mapping the future of global civilization. New York, Random House, American First Edition (April 19), 496p.
Klinge, T. J., Hendrikse, R., Fernandez, R., & Adriaans, I. (2023). Augmenting digital monopolies: A corporate financialization perspective on the rise of Big Tech. Competition & Change, 27(2), 332-353.
Lasmar, J. M. (2016). O Direito Internacional e o Transnacionalismo. Revista Brasileira de Direito Internacional, 2(2), 61-77.
Loubère, l., & Ratinaud, P. (2014). Documentation Iramuteq - 0.6 alpha 3 version 0.1. Disponível em: http://www.iramuteq.org/documentation/fichiers/documentation_19_02_2014.pdf.
Martinelli, C. B. (2016). O jogo tridimensional: o hard power, o soft power e a interdependência complexa, segundo Joseph Nye. Conjuntura Global, 5(1), 65-80.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Morozov, E. (2018). Big Tech: A ascensão dos dados e a morte da política. São Paulo, SP: Ubu.
Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York, NY: PublicAffairs.
Nye, J. S. (2009) Cooperação e Conflito nas Relações Internacionais. São Paulo, SP: Editora Gente.
Nye, J. S. (2021). Soft power: the evolution of a concept. Journal of Political Power, 14(1), 196-208.
Nye, J. S. (2023). Soft power. In Soft Power and Great-Power Competition: Shifting Sands in the Balance of Power Between the United States and China (pp. 3-15). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Nóbrega, R. A. A., da & Gabriel, Y. F. P. (2023). Capitalismo de Plataforma, “Big Techs” e Precarização de Direitos Sociais. Confluências| Revista Interdisciplinar de Sociologia e Direito, 25(1), 43-67.
Oliveira, S. G., Almeida, V. E., & Trotta, L. M. (2020). As tecnologias e o mundo globalizado: reflexões sobre o cotidiano contemporâneo. Revista Educação Pública, 20(2), 1-6.
Ouriveis, M. (2013). Soft Power e indústria cultural: a política externa norte-americana presente no cotidiano do indivíduo. Revista Acadêmica de Relações Internacionais, 2(4), 168-196.
Petit, N. (2020). Big Tech and the Digital Economy: The Moligopoly Scenario. Oxford University Press.
Proni, M. W. (2006). Duas teses sobre o trabalho no capitalismo. Ciência e Cultura, 58(4), 23-25.
Oliveira, S. G., Almeida, V. E., & Trotta, L. M. (2020). As tecnologias e o mundo globalizado: reflexões sobre o cotidiano contemporâneo. Revista Educação Pública, 20(2), 1-6.
Reinert, M. (1990). Alceste une méthodologie d'analyse des données textuelles et une application: Aurelia De Gerard De Nerval. Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de méthodologie sociologique, 26(1), 24-54.
Shahriar, S. (2022). Hendrik W. Ohnesorge, Soft Power: The Forces of Attraction in International Relations, Cham: Springer, xxi+ 307 pp., ISBN 978-3-030-29921-7.
Soares, R. R. (2020). Lei geral de proteção de dados–LGPD: direito à privacidade no mundo globalizado.
Souza, M. A. R. D., Wall, M. L., Thuler, A. C. D. M. C., Lowen, I. M. V., & Peres, A. M. (2018). O uso do software IRAMUTEQ na análise de dados em pesquisas qualitativas. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 52, e03353.
Stoltz, P., & Stoltz, P. (2020). Globalization, intersectional inequalities and narrative struggles. Gender, Resistance and Transnational Memories of Violent Conflicts, 23-48.
Wichowski, A. (2020). The information trade: how big tech conquers countries, challenges our rights, and transforms our world. Estados Unidos: HarperCollins.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: the fight for a human future at the new frontier of power. Nova York, Public Affairs.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bárbara Dias Francisco, Luis Hernan Contreras Pinochet, Vanessa Itacaramby Pardim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work licensed simultaneously under a Creative Commons Attribution License after publication, allowing the sharing of work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes, as well as increase the and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
