Do fardo do homem branco à “tirania da culpa” colonial
discursos de desresponsabilização histórica e alívio de consciência por Nigel Biggar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-2767.2026v86p274-300Palavras-chave:
História da Escravidão, Colonialismo, Racismo, Análise do Discurso, ReparaçõesResumo
Este artigo examina como Reparations (2025a) de Nigel Biggar recodifica a responsabilidade histórica como culpa imaginária e tirania, desonerando um “nós” anglosférico e deslegitimando reparações. A pesquisa se ancora na Análise Crítica do Discurso (dialético-relacional) e aplica o modelo tridimensional de Fairclough para analisar léxico avaliativo, metáforas, modalização, pressuposições e agência. Resultados indicam a medicalização da culpa coletiva e a instalação de uma política da prova que redefine o que faz sentido, desloca a injustiça histórica para requisitos de causalidade e cálculo, e reenquadra a centralidade branca como vulnerabilidade moral.
Downloads
Métricas
Referências
ALMEIDA, S. L. de. Racismo estrutural. São Paulo: Jandaíra, 2019.
ANDREWS, K. The new age of empire: how racism and colonialism still rule the world. Nova Iorque: Penguin, 2022.
ARAUJO, A. L. Reparations for slavery and the slave trade: a transnational and comparative history. Londres: Bloomsbury, 2017.
ARMANGE, R.; MULLET, E. Slave descendants’ views regarding national policies on reparations: a Martinican perspective. Social Science Information, v. 55, n. 4, 2016, pp. 511-530.
BANNER, M. Britain’s slavery debt: reparations Now! Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024. pp. 15-16.
BARKAN, E. The guilt of nations: restitution and negotiating historical injustices. Nova Iorque: Norton & Co., 2000.
BECKLES, H. McD. “Slavery was a long, long time ago”: Remembrance, Reconciliation and the Reparations Discourse in the Caribbean. Ariel, v. 38, n. 1, pp. 9-26, 2007.
BECKLES, H. McD. Britain’s black debt: reparations for Caribbean slavery and native genocide. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2013.
BIGGAR, N. Reparations: slavery and the tyranny of imaginary guilt. London: Swift Press, 2025a.
BIGGAR, N. Residential schools were no ‘atrocity’. Just look at the evidence. National Post, 2 abr. 2025b. Disponível em: https://nationalpost.com/opinion/nigel-biggar-residential-schools-were-no-atrocity-just-look-at-the-evidence. Acesso em: 12 jun. 2025.
BRANSCOMBE, N. R.; DOOSJE, B. (org.). Collective guilt: international perspectives. Cambridge: CUP, 2004.
BROOKS, R. L. Atonement and forgiveness: a new model for Black reparations. Los Angeles: UCP, 2004.
CORLETT, J. A. Heirs of oppression: racism and reparations. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010.
CUMMING, E. Nigel Biggar: Being cancelled has worked out fantastically for me. The Telegraph, 14 set. 2025.
DIANGELO, R. White fragility: why it’s so hard for white people to talk about racism. Nova Iorque: Penguin, 2018.
DORITY JR., W. A.; MULLEN, A. K. From here to equality: reparations for Black Americans in the 21st century. Chapel Hill: UNC, 2020.
DYER, R. White: essays on race and culture. 20th anniversary ed. Abingdon; New York: Routledge, 2017.
FAIRCLOUGH, N. Analysing Discourse: Textual Analysis for Social Research. Londres: Routledge, 2003.
FAIRCLOUGH, N. Critical discourse analysis: the critical study of language. 2. ed. Nova Iorque: Routledge, 2010.
FAIRCLOUGH, N. Discourse and social change. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992.
FRITH, N. Crime and penitence in slavery commemoration: from political controversy to the politics of performance. In: BARCLAY, F. (org.). France’s colonial legacies: memory, identity and narrative. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2013. pp. 227-248.
GILROY, P. The Black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness. Nova Iorque: Verso, 1993.
HARB, A. Abduction of Venezuela’s Maduro illegal despite US charges, experts say. Al Jazeera, 8 jan. 2026.
HOOPS, J. F. A Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis of Reparations Inertia. Discourse & Communication, v. 18, n. 5, 2024, pp. 741-767.
JANSSEN, C. Addressing corporate ties to slavery: corporate apologia in a discourse of reconciliation. Faculty Research and Creative Activity, n. 33, 2012, pp. 1-21.
JORDAN, W. D. The White Man’s Burden: historical origins of racism in the United States. New York: OUP, 1974.
KEDOURIE, E. In the Anglo-Arab Labyrinth: The McMahon-Husayn Correspondence and Its Interpretations, 1914-1939. 2 ed. London: Frank Cass, 2000 [1976]. p. 220.
LEKAS, P. Review – E. Sylvia Kedourie (ed.), Elie Kedourie’s Approaches to History and Political Theory: “The Thoughts and Actions of Living Men”. The Historical Review/La Revue Historique, v. 3, 2006, pp. 227-238.
MBEMBE, A. Critique of black reason. Trad. Laurent Dubois. Durham: DUP, 2017.
MIGUEL, L. F. A cruzada contra o capital cultural. Mediações, v. 27, n. 3, 2022, pp. 1-19.
MILLS, C. W. The racial contract. Ithaca: Cornell University, 1997.
PROSS, C. Paying for the past: the struggle over reparations for surviving victims of the Nazi terror. Trad. Belinda Cooper. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University, 1998.
REICHELMANN, A. V.; HUNT, M. O. White Americans’ Attitudes Toward Reparations for Slavery: Definitions and Determinants. Race and Social Problems, v. 14, 2022, pp. 269-281.
SAID, E. W. Culture and imperialism. New York: Vintage Books, 2012.
SAID, E. W. Orientalism. 25th anniversary ed. London: Penguin Books, 2003.
SMITS, E. The shifting discourse on the Dutch slavery past: an analysis on the discourses and frames surrounding the debate on the apology for the Dutch slavery past by the Dutch government. 2023. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Human Geography) – Nijmegen School of Management, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, 2023.
STEELE, S. White guilt: how Blacks and Whites together destroyed the promise of the Civil Rights era. New York: Harper Perennial, 2006.
TAIWO, O. O. Reconsidering reparations: worldmaking in the case of climate crisis. New York: OUP, 2022.
THOMPSON, J. Taking responsibility for the past: reparation and historical injustice. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2002.
TORPEY, J. C. Making whole what has been smashed: on reparations politics. Cambridge: HUP, 2006.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Projeto História : Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados de História
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Este obra está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.
