Finally, ordinance 135/2023

The contribution of IPHAN's Institutional Archaeology in the construction of the public policy of the declaratory listing of ancient quilombos

Abstract

This article discusses the constitutional recognition of Afro-descendants' participation in the formation of Brazilian culture and the legal obstacles to the implementation of patrimonial and territorial anti-racism, as outlined in Article 216 of the 1988 Federal Constitution. This article ensures the protection of sites with historical remnants of former quilombos. The analysis is conducted from the perspective of Institutional Archaeology, using a case study of the cultural remnants of the urban Quilombo Saracura, located in the city of São Paulo. The aim is to contribute to the development of dialogues and reflections among the various social actors involved in the (re)memorialization of this territory, which represents manifestations of power and resistance to slavery in Brazil. This is addressed through the institutional procedures and scope of analyzing the material culture documentation provided by the Archaeology Technicians of IPHAN, and the recognition of quilombola resistance promoted by the Black struggle, highlighting its cultural importance in the 1988 Constitution. This article seeks to answer two main questions within the framework of post-colonial studies: i) What is the importance of constitutional recognition of the patrimonial value of sites with historical remnants of former quilombos and their socio-cultural implications? ii) What is the contribution of Institutional Archaeology to the recognition and legitimization of the (re)memorialization of the Quilombo Saracura in São Paulo?