When game mechanics come crawling out of ant colonies

Authors

  • Michelle Westerlaken University of Cambridge
  • Clayton Policarpo Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias da Inteligência e Design Digital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23925/1984-3585.2020i22p142-160

Keywords:

Game mechanic, Game design, Games for animals, Ants

Abstract

This paper contextualizes a Michelle Westerlaken research, 2016, about ant interactions in playful game designs. In the first part, Westerlaken defends playfulness as a common attribute between humans and animals, and suggests two ways to think about animal participation in the game mechanics: the animal as part of the system and the animal as player. The second part discusses some questions involved in the design and development of game mechanics for ants, entities which we don’t frequently relate in the context of playful interactions. In the third part, the stages of game design development and some trouble in the process are presented.

Author Biographies

Michelle Westerlaken, University of Cambridge

Michelle Westerlaken é pesquisadora e designer interdisciplinar. Possui PhD em Design de Interação pela Universidade de Malmö, Suécia. É pesquisadora associada no Departamento de Sociologia da Universidade de Cambridge.

Clayton Policarpo, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias da Inteligência e Design Digital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.

Doutorando e mestre em Tecnologias da Inteligência e Design Digital, PUC-SP. Professor temporário da graduação em Artes Visuais, ECA-USP. Integrante dos grupos Transobjeto (TIDD/PUC-SP) e Realidades (ECA-USP).

References

ARJORANTA, Jonne. Game definitions: A Wittgensteinian approach. The International Journal of Computer Game Research, 14/1, 2014.

BATESON, Gregory. Steps to an ecology of mind: collected essays in anthropology, psychiatry, evolution, and epistemology. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc., 1987.

BUCHANAN, Richard: Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17/4, 2001. p. 3-23

BURGHARDT, Gordon M. The genesis of animal play: testing the limits. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006.

CUNNINGHAM, Andrew. An actual fish has been playing Pokemon Red for 135 hours now, 2014. Disponível em: arstechnica.com/gaming/2014/08/ an-actual-fish-has-been-playing-pokemon-red-for-135-hours-now. Acesso em: 3 mar. 2021.

DRIESSEN, Clemens; ALFRINK, Kars; COPIER, Marinka; LAGERWEIJ, Hein; VAN PEER, Irene. What could playing with pigs do to us? Antennae: The Journal of Nature in Visual Culture, 30, 2014. p. 79-102.

French, Fiona; Mancini, Clara; Sharp, Helen. Designing interactive toys for elephants. In: Proceedings of chi Play. ACM Press, 2015. p. 523-528.

GAVER, William. What should we expect from research through design. In: Proceedings of chi’12. ACM Press, 2012. p. 937-946.

HARAWAY, Donna. Situated knowledges: the science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies, 14/3, 1988, p. 575-599.

HARAWAY, Donna. Staying with the trouble: making kin in the Chthulucene. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016.

HERTZ, Garnet. Cockroach controlled mobile robot, 2008. Disponível em: conceptlab.com/roachbot. Acesso em: 3 mar. 2021.

HRIBAL, Jason. Animals, agency, and class: writing the history of animals from below. Human Ecology Forum, 14/1, 2007. p. 101-112.

HUIZINGA, Johan. Homo Ludens: a study of the play-element in culture. Boston, ma: The Beacon Press, 1950, 1955.

KOHN, Eduardo. How forests think: towards an anthropology beyond the human. Oakland, ca: University of California Press, 2013.

LAMERS, Maarten H.; VAN ECK, Wim. Why simulate? hybrid biological-digital games. In: Applications of Evolutionary Computation. Springer, 2012. p. 214-223.

LÖWGREN, Jonas; LARSEN, Henrik S.; HOBYE, Mats. Towards programmatic design research. Designs for Learning, 6/1-2, 2013. p. 80- 100.

NICHOLSON, Scott. Peeking behind the locked door: a survey of escape room facilities, 2015. Disponível em: scottnicholson.com/pubs/erfacwhite.pdf. Acesso em: 3 mar. 2021.

SALEN, Katie; Zimmerman, Eric. Rules of play: game design fundamentals. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004.

SAVICIC, Gordon. Biopong, 2005. Disponível em: yugo.at/processing/archive /index.php?what=biopong. Acesso em: 3 mar. 2021.

SCHÖN, Donald A. Educating the reflective practitioner. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1987.

SICART, Miguel. Defining game mechanics. The International Journal of Computer Game Research, 8/2, 2008.

SICART, Miguel. Play matters. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014.

SINGER, Peter. Animal liberation. London, UK: The Bodley Head, 2015.

SUCHMAN, Lucy. Located accountabilities in technology production. The Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 14/2, 2002, p. 91-105.

THE ROBOROACH KICKSTARTER (n.d.): Control a living insect from your smartphone. Disponível em: kickstarter.com/projects/backyardbrains/the-roboroach-control-a-living-insect-from-your-sm. Acesso em: 3 mar. 2021.

WEISBERG, Zipporah. The broken promises of monsters: Haraway, animals and the humanist legacy. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 7/2, 2009, p. 22-62.

WESTERLAKEN, Michelle. Uncivilizing the future: imagining nonspeciesism. Antae – Special Issue on Utopian Perspectives, 4/1, 2016. p. 53-67.

WESTERLAKEN, Michelle; GUALENI, Stefano. Felino: the philosophical practice of making an interspecies videogame. In: Proceedings of the 8th Philosophy of Computer Games Conference, 2014. p. 1-12.

WESTERLAKEN, Michelle; GUALENI, Stefano. Becoming with: towards the inclusion of animals as participants in design processes. In: Proceedings of aci’16. ACM Press, 2016. p. 1-10.

WIRMAN, Hanna. Games for/with strangers – Captive orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) touch screen play. Antennae: the journal of nature in visual culture, 30, 2014. p. 103-112.

WIRMAN, Hanna; JÖRGENSEN, Ida K.H. Designing for intuitive use for non-human users. In: Proceedings of ace’15. ACM Press, 2015. p. 1-8.

Published

2021-09-23