Clinical and laboratorial profile and survival of patients with myelodisplasic syndrome in the hematology

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Introduction: myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a spectrum of clonal myeloid disorders (neoplastic) characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis (dysplastic), qualitative disorders of one or more cell lines from peripheral blood, chromosomal abnormalities and a variable predilection of evolution to acute myeloid leukemia. Objectives: this study intended to establish clinical and laboratory profiles and survival curves of patients with MDS treated at the Ambulatório de Hematologia of FCMS-PUCSP/CHS and compare the clinical and laboratory features and survival curves of patients according to number of blasts in bone marrow (BM). Methods: between August/2011 and April/2012 was analyzed retrospectively 20 patients diagnosed with MDS attended at the Ambulatório de Hematologia da FCMS-PUCSP/CHS from January 2007 to February 2012, and filled in a form with the main clinical and laboratory data, as well as the morphological classification of patients. The patients were further divided into two groups: Group 1 with less than 5 % blasts and Group 2 ≥ 5% blasts in the BM. Results: the study population has among its main features high age, male predominance, anemia as the main cytopenia, and mostly have a percentage of blasts in BM less than 5%. The rate of overall survival (OS) at two years was estimated at 65% and at five years was 54%. Conclusion: when comparing the clinical and laboratory characteristics and rates of OS of the patients according to the percentage of blasts in BM, a prevalence of males was observed, lower values of platelet transfusion dependence in those with blasts equal to or greater than 5% in BM and OS rates at two years of 83% among those with less than 5% blasts and 25% in those with blasts equal to or greater than 5% in BM.