Prevalence of fetal heart disease in high-risk pregnant women admitted in the public health service of Sorocaba/SP

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: several pregnancy disorders (both maternal and fetal) that behave as risk factor for fetal heart diseases have been described. Objective: to study such relation among pregnant women admitted in the public health service of Sorocaba and presenting pregnancy related diseases considered as risk factors for fetal heart disease. Methods and casuistic: 104 fetal echocardiograms were performed in the 28.9th week of gestation (average) in 102 pregnant women with gestational diseases considered as risk factors for fetal heart disease and were grouped as follows: diabetes, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension, diabetes, hypertension and maternal age greater than 35 years, multiple births, fetal abnormalities detected by ultrasound in obstetrics, maternal age less than 17 years, maternal age greater than 35 years and pregnant women suffering from other diseases (lupus erythematosus, congenital heart disease, complicated obstetric past and use of teratogenic drugs). A morphofunctional analysis of fetal hearts was performed using conventional cuts ultrasound Doppler spectral analysis and color flow mapping. Results: mean maternal age was 30.05 years (ranging from 14 to 46 years). The most common fetal heart disease identified was interventricular communication (23%), and among the groups of pregnancy pathologies, the group of pregnant women with twin pregnancy and fetal abnormalities in the highest incidence of fetal heart disease (35%), in spit of the group of diabetic women being the most frequent (48%). Conclusion: the prevalence of fetal heart disease in our study was 16.34%. The sum of risk factors during pregnancy was not related to a greater frequency of fetal heart disease.